The duration of taking anti-tuberculosis drugs for spinal tuberculosis is generally 12-18 months, and can be extended to 24 months or even longer for poor outcomes. A comprehensive treatment approach should be used for spinal tuberculosis, including rest, convalescence, nutrition, hygiene therapy, standard chemotherapy and surgery, in which anti-tuberculosis drug therapy is used throughout the treatment process and takes a leading role in treatment. Supportive treatment includes paying attention to rest, avoiding exertion, reasonably strengthening nutrition, and consuming enough protein and vitamins daily and correcting anemia if there is anemia. Anti-tuberculosis drug therapy, the drug therapy of bone and joint tuberculosis should follow the principles of anti-tuberculosis drug therapy, which are early, combined, appropriate, regular and whole course, and the prerequisite to ensure the efficacy is to use the drug according to the prescribed course of treatment. The main adverse reactions of anti-tuberculosis drugs are liver damage, neurotoxicity, allergic reactions, gastrointestinal reactions, kidney damage, etc. Patients should be regularly checked for liver damage during drug administration. Patients should regularly check liver and kidney functions during drug administration and take hepatoprotective drugs at the same time, if abnormalities are found, they should be dealt with promptly. After anti-tuberculosis drug treatment, the patient’s systemic and local symptoms will be gradually reduced.