Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST ) are a group of tumors that originate independently from the mesenchymal stem cells of the gastrointestinal tract and belong to the mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract,. The annual incidence is 1/100,000-2/100,000. It occurs most frequently in the stomach (60%-70%), followed by the small intestine (20%-30%), the colon, rectum and cecum (5%), and the esophagus (2%-3%), and occasionally in the omentum, mesentery and peritoneum. Since Mazur and Clark first proposed the concept of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor in 1983, with the application of histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and molecular biology techniques, GIST has been gradually recognized and its special histological, histochemical and genetic characteristics, diagnosis and treatment have been studied in depth. Especially in recent years, with the development of immunohistochemistry and molecular biology, the genetic study of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors has reached an unprecedented level. Surgery remains the treatment of choice for resectable gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, while the application of the targeted therapy drug Imatinib mesylate has greatly improved the treatment of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors. Since its biological behavior is very different from that of gastric cancer, mainly based on local recurrence and hematogenous metastasis, surgical operation is relatively simple, requiring complete removal of the tumor without requiring clearance of perigastric lymph nodes. Laparoscopic technique has the characteristics of less trauma, clear vision, less bleeding and faster postoperative recovery compared with traditional surgery, but the operation is relatively complex, relying entirely on instruments and without the surgeon’s touch, so the identification of intraoperative structures and the operation of special sites are somewhat limited. However, since Lukaszczyk et al. first reported the resection of GIST by laparoscopy in 1992, major laparoscopic treatment centers have started to apply laparoscopy for the treatment of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, and the laparoscopic operation can achieve the required resection range under direct vision surgery without destroying the tumor. With the development of laparoscopic techniques and the gradual improvement of laparoscopic instruments, laparoscopic techniques, especially With the development of laparoscopic technology and the gradual improvement of laparoscopic instruments, laparoscopic technology, especially laparoscopic combined with gastroscopy for GSIT, can rapidly and accurately locate the tumor and shorten the operation time; effectively avoid the conversion to open surgery due to small tumor or special location of the tumor, and reduce the unnecessary conversion rate; improve the accuracy of the resection range and ensure the negativity of the incision margin; and improve the safety of the operation. The main controversy of laparoscopic treatment of gastric mesenchymal tumor lies in the fact that gastric mesenchymal tumor masses are extremely fragile and can easily rupture and lead to abdominal dissemination and metastasis, and whether the laparoscopic pneumoperitoneum environment and instrumentation have increased the risk of tumor cell implantation and metastasis, thus affecting the long-term survival of gastric mesenchymal tumor patients. The indications for laparoscopic surgery for gastric mesenchymal tumor have never formed a unified standard, and the controversy is mainly focused on the size of gastric mesenchymal tumor masses. The NCCN and ESMO guidelines for the treatment of gastric mesenchymal tumors have limited the indications for laparoscopic gastric mesenchymal tumor surgery to tumors less than 5 cm in diameter, and the 2013 GIST expert consensus pointed out that laparoscopic surgery is likely to cause tumor rupture and lead to abdominal implantation, so it is not recommended for routine application, and laparoscopic resection can be considered in experienced medical centers according to tumor site and size. With the development of laparoscopic techniques and surgical instruments, laparoscopy is now able to perform most general surgical procedures. The results of Meta-analysis also suggest that laparoscopic surgery can reduce bleeding, restore bowel function earlier, and reduce hospital stay. The recent results of laparoscopic surgery are positive. . K arakousis et al. reported a comparison of a group of patients with similar tumor volumes who underwent laparoscopic and open gastrostomy. 40 patients underwent laparoscopic gastrostomy from 1998 to 20 0 9 and 115 patients underwent open gastrostomy in the same time period. There were no perioperative deaths in either group, and the mean operative time and postoperative complication rates were similar, but the laparoscopic group had shorter hospital stays and less bleeding. It was concluded that laparoscopic surgery for gastric mesenchymal tumors ≤8 cm in diameter has advantages over open surgery In conclusion, laparoscopic partial gastrectomy for gastric mesenchymal tumors is safe, efficacious, less invasive than open surgery, less bleeding, and faster postoperative recovery, and can be used as a routine treatment for mesenchymal tumors in experienced centers. Although studies have shown no significant difference in the near-term results between open and laparoscopic resection of gastric mesenchymal tumors, there are few reports on long-term outcomes, and the factors affecting prognosis need to be explored in depth. The indications for laparoscopic surgery of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors are not yet clearly defined, and the size and location of tumors suitable for laparoscopic surgery need to be further discussed. It is believed that with the development of laparoscopic technology and the progress of instruments, especially the application of da Vinci robot in clinical practice, more and more patients with gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors will be treated surgically through laparoscopy, bringing them less trauma and faster recovery without affecting the long-term results of the surgery.