Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by infection of the human body with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and is one of the major infectious diseases with the highest number of morbidity and mortality in China. The disease is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis by attacking various organs and parts of the human body, especially the lungs of the human body. The disease is a chronic infectious disease that seriously endangers people’s health for a long time and is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract, and everyone can be infected. So what are the ways of tuberculosis infection? I. Examination items of tuberculosis The examination is mainly for the lung organs. The following two types of tests are common: (a) Chest X-ray. Orthopantomogram observes the shape of the thorax, lungs, heart and diaphragm to determine the location of lesions, such as distinguishing between intrapulmonary and mediastinal lesions. If the center of the lesion is located in the lung, the edge of the shadow is at an acute angle to the mediastinum, and when a lesion appears in the mediastinum, the center of the lesion is located in the mediastinum and the edge of the shadow is at an obtuse angle to the mediastinum. How to distinguish intrapulmonary lesions from pleural lesions? In the case of intrapulmonary lesions, the center of the lesion is located in the lung, and the edge of the shadow is at an acute angle to the chest wall. (B) CT examination. Because of the CT system cross-sectional with imaging, no overlap of structures, and the characteristics of high resolution. Therefore, it can often show lesions that are not easily detected on X-ray plain film, such as lesions in the lung that are hidden by the mediastinum, diaphragm and ribs. A plain scan is usually done first, and if necessary, an enhanced scan should be done. Second, the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis is mainly through infection of the respiratory tract, with sputum being the most common form of infection. Contact with tuberculosis patients can easily cause transmission of tuberculosis. Healthy people are prone to respiratory infections from inhaling the sputum spilled by TB patients when they sneeze or cough. When healthy people talk with TB patients, if the sputum inhaled is less than 10mug it may enter the alveolar cavity of healthy human beings and stagnate in the air due to the light weight of the sputum, and the sputum with germs may infect healthy people if it stays for a long time in a room that does not have ventilation. If the human respiratory tract is attacked by a small amount of virulent tuberculosis bacteria, it is normally destroyed by the immune mechanism in the human body. However, when the human respiratory tract is attacked by virulent tuberculosis bacteria, the immune mechanism in the human body is unable to resist the virulent attack, and the infection is triggered, and eventually tuberculosis is induced. So what are the treatments for tuberculosis? Patients with early-stage tuberculosis should be diagnosed as soon as possible and treated promptly to avoid the destruction of the patient’s tissues. For patients with early-stage tuberculosis, inflammatory cells as well as continuously exuding fibrin exist in the alveoli of the patient, and the structural tissue of the alveoli is relatively intact and easily repaired. Bacteria are more capable of multiplying and rapidly engulfing the cells in the body, and powerful bacteria can inhibit and destroy germs. Patients with early tuberculosis, if treated promptly, can help the disease not become pathological. If not treated promptly and effectively, it may lead to the development of early symptoms of tuberculosis into middle and late symptoms, making treatment more difficult. The treatment of tuberculosis requires a combination of drugs. The main reason for the failure of medical clinical treatment of tuberculosis is the use of only a single drug, which is difficult to effectively suppress the patient’s condition. Combination drugs require a combination of two or more drugs to relieve the body of drug resistance and enhance the bactericidal effect. Combination drugs are divided into drugs that destroy intracellular germs and drugs that destroy extracellular germs, and drugs that destroy germs in an acidic environment to improve the effectiveness of treatment, shorten the treatment period, and to a certain extent, reduce the consumption of funds. The right amount of drugs. As the saying goes, “medicine is poisonous in three parts”, and drug therapy must pay attention to the dosage in order to achieve the desired therapeutic effect without bringing side effects to the patient. The drugs used to fight tuberculosis are toxic, so if patients take larger doses, the higher concentration of drugs in their blood can cause damage to their digestive tract, nervous system and urinary system. If patients take insufficient doses, resulting in low concentrations of drugs in their blood, they will not be able to destroy the bacteria and will develop a degree of drug resistance in their bodies. Therefore, when taking medication for tuberculosis, patients must pay attention to the dosage of the medication and take the medication strictly according to medical advice.