Many parents worry that anesthesia or anesthetic drugs will affect the intellectual development of their children, in fact, such worries are not necessary, according to the current domestic and foreign data: there is no evidence that the currently used anesthetic drugs and methods are harmful to the health and intelligence of children. If there is a respiratory and circulatory disorder, it will cause the brain cells to be deprived of oxygen. If the brain cells stop supplying oxygen for 5-8 minutes, it will seriously affect the metabolism of the brain cells and affect the brain function, and even cause irreversible consequences. Therefore, to answer the question of whether anesthesia will affect pediatric intelligence, we must first analyze whether there will be cerebral hypoxia after anesthesia. There are four types of anesthesia methods commonly used for pediatric patients: 1, basic anesthesia: refers to preoperative sedation followed by local anesthesia or plexus block anesthesia. 2, site anesthesia: including local anesthesia, lumbar anesthesia, and plexus block anesthesia. These two kinds of anesthesia only impede the conduction of nerve fibers or nerve trunks and play the role of local anesthesia, and the mind is clear during the anesthesia. Therefore, intelligence is not affected. 3, general anesthesia: the so-called general anesthesia is the inhalation of anesthetics or intravenous injection of anesthetics, inhibit the cerebral cortex, so that the child temporarily unconscious, in the case of painless sleep to ensure the completion of various surgeries. During the process of general anesthesia, the child’s breathing is controlled by the machine, oxygen supply is guaranteed, and all vital indicators such as blood pressure and heartbeat are in the normal range, which do not affect the respiratory and circulatory functions and do not cause cerebral hypoxia. In the process of general anesthesia, although the child loses consciousness, but after the anesthesia, the child gradually wakes up and everything returns to normal, as if waking up from a sleep, and there is no effect on the intelligence of the child. 4.Cryogenic anesthesia: It is generally used for pediatric cardiovascular surgery. This anesthesia needs to block the circulation and bring down the body temperature, the respiration and circulation of the pediatric patient, and bring down the body temperature, the respiration and circulation of the pediatric patient is replaced by an artificial heart-lung machine to keep the metabolism at a minimum level. Intelligence tests were done to compare these pediatric patients before and after surgery, and it was found that there was no significant difference in IQ before and after surgery. Children who underwent surgery after anesthesia had normal memory and their academic performance did not decline, so parents’ concerns about anesthesia are unnecessary. We would like to remind parents not to mistake the delayed reaction of the child during the postoperative recovery period for the effect of anesthetic drugs on intelligence. Because of the low metabolic rate and poor excretory function of children, coupled with the “secondary distribution” of anesthetic drugs stored in fat, muscle and other tissues in the blood after surgery, children still have some residual anesthetic in their blood and show indifferent expression and unresponsiveness during the postoperative recovery period. This phenomenon is a normal metabolic process of anesthetic drugs and should not be a cause for concern. Some people may say, “So-and-so child became stupid because of surgical anesthesia.” This situation should be analyzed specifically. As I said earlier, human brain cell activity is closely related to oxygen. During anesthesia or surgery, brain hypoxia often occurs suddenly due to vomiting, blockage of the airway by the back of the tongue, laryngospasm leading to asphyxia, etc. Cerebral hypoxia can also occur during cardiac arrest, hemorrhage, and hemorrhagic shock, and without timely resuscitation, it can cause adverse consequences. These are all possible accidents in anesthesia and cannot be simply considered as caused by the use of anesthetic drugs. Children with a full stomach are prone to respiratory blockage due to vomiting and misaspiration, causing cerebral hypoxia, and they should be absolutely stopped eating and water fasting 4-6 hours before surgery. Of course, anesthesia as a drug also has certain side effects, need anesthesiologists carefully select the indications, master the drug dose, to avoid the shortcomings of the strengths and use safely, but the drug itself will not affect the intelligence of children.