Abdominal hypertension syndrome, or septal compartment syndrome, is organ failure or organ insufficiency caused by a progressive and dramatic increase in intra-abdominal pressure. Treatments for this condition include non-surgical and surgical treatments. Abdominal decompression surgery is the most critical and fundamental measure for the treatment of abdominal hypertension syndrome, and the function of important organs will be restored soon after successful decompression surgery, thus increasing the success rate of resuscitation. 1.Non-surgical treatment (1) General supportive therapy: mainly nutritional support, actively replenish the circulating blood volume of cardiovascular system, and maintain water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. (2) Treatment of primary diseases: treatment of peritonitis, acute severe pancreatitis and other primary diseases, so as to reduce the tension of abdominal wall muscles. (3) Gastrointestinal decompression: it can be done by enema or endoscopic decompression, avoiding excessive fluid infusion, taking diuretics and other methods. 2. Surgical treatment Including surgical decompression, abdominal decompression is the standard treatment for this disease. It is mainly used to relieve patients with intra-abdominal hypertension who are ineffective in drug treatment and accompanied by organ dysfunction. The usual surgeries are open abdominal decompression, i.e., open abdominal decompression with open skin and fascia without sutures, which can minimize intra-abdominal pressure but can lead to visceral distension and intestinal fistula; and percutaneous peritoneal puncture with tube drainage: usually for patients with abdominal fluid, abscess, and blood accumulation. Septal compartment syndrome improves rapidly with abdominal decompression but can lead to lethal organ failure if left untreated.