Peptic ulcers are mainly chronic ulcers that occur in the stomach and duodenum, i.e. gastric and duodenal ulcers, named because the formation of ulcers is related to the digestive action of gastric acid/pepsin. The disease can occur at any age and is most common in middle age. Ulcerogenesis is the result of an imbalance between invasive and defensive factors in the gastric and duodenal mucosa and is a multifactorial disease, in which Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the main known causes and gastric acid plays a key role in ulcer formation. Symptoms: Epigastric pain is the main symptom of peptic ulcer, but some patients may be asymptomatic or so mild as to go unnoticed, with complications such as bleeding and perforation as the first manifestation. Typical peptic ulcer has the following clinical features: (1) chronic process, with a history of several years to decades; (2) periodic attacks, alternating between attacks and spontaneous remission, which can last for weeks or months, and the remission period can be of varying length; attacks are often seasonal, mostly occurring in autumn, winter or winter-spring, and can be triggered by mental and emotional distress or overwork; (3) epigastric pain is rhythmic during attacks, and abdominal pain can mostly be (3) epigastric pain is rhythmic, and abdominal pain can be relieved by eating or taking antacids. The above typical manifestations are evident in duodenal ulcers. Gastroscopy is the preferred method of examination to confirm the diagnosis of peptic ulcer. Gastroscopy can not only directly observe and photograph the mucosa of the stomach and duodenum, but also take biopsies for pathological examination and H. pylori detection under direct vision, which is more accurate than barium X-ray for the diagnosis of peptic ulcer and the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant ulcers. Treatment: The principles of treatment for this disease are to eliminate the causes, control symptoms, promote ulcer healing, and prevent and avoid complications. Treatment for the cause, such as eradication of H. pylori, is a major advance in the treatment of peptic ulcer in recent years. Drugs for peptic ulcer can be divided into two categories: drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion and drugs that protect the gastric mucosa, which mainly play a role in relieving symptoms and promoting ulcer healing, and are often used in conjunction with H. pylori eradication therapy. For peptic ulcers caused by H. pylori infection, eradication of H. pylori can not only promote ulcer healing, but also prevent ulcer recurrence, thus completely curing the ulcer. Therefore, all peptic ulcers with H. pylori infection should be treated with eradication of H. pylori, regardless of whether they are initial or recurrent, active or quiescent, and with or without comorbidities. Warm tip: Peptic ulcer patients should have a regular life, avoid overwork and mental tension. Pay attention to dietary rules, quit smoking and alcohol, and stop taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as much as possible, even if they are not used, patients should be warned to use them carefully in the future to avoid recurrence of ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding. Consider clopidogrel as an alternative to aspirin for patients with post-stenting coronary artery disease.