With the accelerated aging of society nowadays, the elderly population is taking up a larger and larger proportion of our population. As a clinician, we are obliged to introduce medical science to more elderly people to deal with the medical pressure brought by the aging society. Knee degeneration, or knee osteoarthritis, is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage and calcification of ligament attachment points. The disease is more prevalent after middle age, and studies have shown that the prevalence of the disease is now up to 40% of the population over 50 years of age in China. In addition to age, trauma, obesity, inflammation, metabolism, genetics, and poor biomechanics are all associated with the development of osteoarthritis of the knee. Clinically, joint swelling and pain, calcification of ligamentous attachments, and limitation of motion are most common. In the early stages, the knee pain is not severe in those with slow onset, there is sustainable vague pain, the pain increases when the temperature decreases and is related to climate change, the pain is stiff when the knee joint starts to move after rising in the morning, walking for a long time, strenuous exercise or sedentary rise and start walking, it improves after a little activity, it is difficult to go up and down the stairs, the knee joint becomes weak when going down the stairs and it is easy to fall. When squatting up pain, stiffness, in severe cases, joint pain and swelling, walking limp walking combined with rheumatism, joint redness, deformity, functional limitations, stretching and flexion activities have a popping sound, some patients can be seen in the joint effusion, there is significant local swelling, compression phenomenon. Clinically, patients’ joint pain is often found to have no significant positive correlation with the degree of joint degeneration obtained by physical examination and X-ray, so treatment should be based on joint function and objective findings, and need not be based entirely on patients’ subjective symptoms. The goal of treatment is to relieve pain, prevent and delay the progression of the disease, and preserve joint function. The treatment plan should be tailored to each patient’s condition. The first step is to improve patient education and to let patients know that, with the exception of a few cases, the majority of patients have a good prognosis. Osteoarthritis may not always be progressive, and the prognosis is good for those who simply have radiographic ligamentous attachment point calcification changes, which do not necessarily present with clinical symptoms. Knee degeneration is also a normal physiological degenerative change in humans. I often tell patients that the human body is like a machine that ages over time and does not have to have been traumatized to cause this disease. Therefore, patients do not need to worry too much about this. At the same time, patients need to be warned to eliminate or avoid unfavorable factors to reduce the load on the joints and protect their function. Prolonged standing, kneeling and squatting should be avoided in the affected joint. Avoid mechanical injuries and strenuous sports activities that require knee joint weight bearing, and use canes, handles, or other devices to reduce the load on the affected joint. Some studies have shown that a 5 kg weight loss over 10 years can reduce the incidence of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis by 50%. In addition, elastic knee braces can be used along with exercises to promote muscle coordination around the knee joint and enhance muscle strength to improve joint stability for recovery and disease control. Physiotherapy for the knee joint includes acupuncture, massage, local heat application, and external Chinese herbal medicine, all of which help to reduce pain and joint stiffness. In guiding patients through the rehabilitation process, the relationship between movement and stillness, rehabilitation and medicine should be properly handled. When you have osteoarthritis of the knee, the prominent symptom is pain, which affects the normal activities of the joints and muscles. In the acute or chronic active period, appropriate bed rest and reduction of joint weight-bearing are necessary, but it must be noted that you should get out of bed as early as your condition allows and insist on functional exercises. Appropriate exercise, especially the necessary movement of the joints, can increase the pressure in the joint cavity, which is conducive to the penetration of cartilage between the joint fluid and reduce the degenerative changes of the articular cartilage, thus reducing or preventing the calcification of the ligament attachment points, especially the degenerative changes of the articular cartilage. In contrast, patients with calcification of ligament attachment points should be treated primarily with pharmaceutical rescue and supplemented with rehabilitation when the pain is severe. Because of the side effects of medications, they should not be taken for a long time. In the chronic and stable phase, physical therapy and appropriate activities should be the main focus. Medication can be divided into symptom control drugs, condition improvement drugs and chondroprotective agents. Symptom-controlling drugs 1, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: NSAIDS is the most commonly used class of osteoarthritis treatment drugs, its role is to reduce pain and swelling, and improve the movement of the joint. The main drugs include futa (lindisulphanilic acid), etc. If the patient has a high risk of NSAIDS-related gastrointestinal adverse effects. Then Celecoxib (celecoxib) and meloxicam and other selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors are more suitable. Drug doses should be individualized, and attention should be paid to the impact of other diseases in elderly patients. 2, painkillers: because the elderly are prone to adverse reactions to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and osteoarthritis in the periosteal inflammation, especially in the early stage is not the main factor, so you can first use general analgesics, such as acetaminophen, the drug because of the exact efficacy of osteoarthritis pain. Long-term application of high safety, and low cost in addition tramadol is a weak opioid, better tolerated and addictive small, the average dose of 200-300mg per day, but should pay attention to adverse reactions. 3, local treatment: there are topical NSAIDS or intra-articular injection of drugs, joint cavity injection of glucocorticoids (trimethoprim acetate injection and Depo-Provera injection), which can relieve pain and reduce exudation, the effect lasts for weeks or months, generally 2.5-5mg once, but should not be repeatedly injected in the same joint (the number of injections should be less than 4 times in a year). Hyaluronic acid preparations used clinically are effective in reducing joint pain, increasing joint mobility and protecting cartilage through intra-articular injections, and the therapeutic effect can last for several months. At present, domestic hyaluronic acid products include sodium vitreous acid injection (trade names such as Schippers and Arge), 2ml intra-articular injection, once a week for 5 times, the therapeutic effect can last for about half a year. These drugs have the effect of reducing the activity of matrix metalloproteinases and collagenases, which can be used for anti-inflammation and pain relief, as well as for protecting joint cartilage and slowing down the development of osteoarthritis. The main drugs include Isoja (glucosamine sulfate capsules) and Glucophage (glucosamine hydrochloride capsules). The recommended use is 250 mg/dose, 3 times a day with meals for 8 weeks, and a course of treatment can be repeated at intervals of about 6 months. It can significantly improve the symptoms, protect cartilage and improve the course of the disease in some patients. Because of the usually slow onset of action, it has been recommended that a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug be taken concurrently with the first 2 weeks of initiation. Surgical treatment can be considered for patients with severe lesions and significant joint dysfunction after systemic medical treatment without significant results. 1.Arthroscopic surgery: For patients with significant joint pain and ineffective pain relievers and intra-articular-glucocorticoid injections, intra-articular lavage may be given to remove fibrin, cartilage debris and other impurities, or to remove cartilage fragments through arthroscopy to reduce symptoms. 2.Orthopedic surgery: Osteotomy improves the balance of joint force lines and effectively relieves patients’ hip or knee pain. Patients over 60 years old with progressive osteoarthritis who do not respond well to regular medication may be given joint replacement, which can significantly reduce pain symptoms and improve joint function. In addition, new treatments, such as cartilage transplantation and autologous chondrocyte transplantation, may be used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, but are still under clinical investigation. In conclusion, for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, both doctors and patients should work together to give full play to their enthusiasm for early recovery. Medical care should strive to improve medical technology, while patients should actively cooperate with treatment and actively engage in “self-medication” under the guidance of medical staff.