How long an 86-year-old man with pulmonary effusion can survive is related to the physical quality of the elderly, the underlying disease, the cause of the effusion, and the sensitivity to treatment, etc. Survival time cannot be generalized. 1.Pneumonia: Pneumonia caused by hydrocele, after chest drainage, fluid culture, choose effective antibiotics for treatment, most can be cured, does not affect the natural life of the elderly, can survive for a long time; 2.Tuberculous pleurisy: Tuberculous pleurisy caused by hydrocele, generally have low fever, weakness, wasting, night sweats, chest pain, chest tightness, etc. Symptoms should be treated with isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol and other drugs in a timely manner, and thoracentesis can be performed when there is more fluid in the lung. If anti-tuberculosis treatment is effective, pulmonary effusion can usually be effectively controlled and does not affect the natural life expectancy of the elderly; 3. Constrictive pericarditis: Pulmonary effusion caused by cardiogenic factors such as constrictive pericarditis is relatively difficult to treat, 86 older, poorer organ function, and may have related complications, with a shorter survival time of 1-2 years; 4. Hypoproteinemia: Hypoproteinemia can lead to pulmonary effusion that Need to increase nutritional support, generally survival time is also not long, in about 1 year; 5, malignant tumors of the lung: malignant tumors causing pulmonary effusion, mostly belong to the advanced stage of the tumor, chemotherapy, radiotherapy effect is poor, survival time is short, usually in less than 1 year.