Severe thrombocytopenia is considered to be caused by aplastic anemia, leukemia, primary immune thrombocytopenia, hypersplenism and other diseases, and needs to be treated for the cause, which can be treated with medication and surgery. 1. Aplastic anemia: mainly manifested as bone marrow hematopoietic hypoplasia, total hematopoiesis and anemia, bleeding, infection syndrome. Due to the low hematopoietic function of bone marrow and the decrease of whole blood cells, the number of platelets is severely reduced, which can be treated with androgens (testosterone undecanoate), hematopoietic growth factors (human thrombopoietin) and other pro-hematopoietic treatments. 2. Leukemia: such as acute myeloid leukemia, can be given to the cytarabine, erythromycin and other drugs chemotherapy. 3. Primary immune thrombocytopenia: the body’s immune system functions abnormally, attacking its own platelets, platelets are destroyed in large quantities, resulting in severe thrombocytopenia. Glucocorticosteroids such as prednisone and high-dose dexamethasone can be used for treatment. When glucocorticosteroids are ineffective, thrombopoietin can be used to promote platelet generation, such as recombinant human thrombopoietin. 4. Hypersplenism: under normal circumstances, about 1/3 of the platelets and a small number of leukocytes are retained in the spleen, and when the spleen is enlarged, the retention effect will be enhanced, the peripheral blood cells will be reduced, and the platelets will be reduced. Splenectomy may be considered when surgical indications are met. There may be other reasons for severe thrombocytopenia, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, severe infections, etc. It is recommended to go to the hospital in time, improve the examination to clarify the cause of the disease, and then give targeted treatment or therapy. All of the above drugs should be used under the guidance of a doctor, avoid self-medication.