There are many types of mumps, including suppurative mumps, immune mumps, and epidemic mumps, etc. The vast majority of patients with mumps are clinically affected by epidemic mumps. Septic mumps and immune mumps are caused by bacterial and autoimmune factors, while epidemic mumps is mainly caused by mumps virus infection, occasionally herpes simplex virus, coxsackie virus, influenza A virus. Mumps viruses are mostly spherical in shape, with helically symmetrical capsids and envelopes, and may invade the body through the mouth or nose, multiply locally, enter the bloodstream and spread to the parotid gland, thus causing mumps. The mumps virus is contagious and can be spread by droplet transmission, direct contact, and indirect contact. If the immune system is low, the risk of infection is increased; vaccination or protective measures can reduce the risk of infection. Mumps can cause swelling and pain in the parotid gland, accompanied by fever, and in severe cases, headache, muscle aches and pains, as well as loss of appetite, and requires active treatment. The patient needs to cooperate with the doctor to take oral antiviral drugs such as ribavirin and ganciclovir. Symptomatic treatment, such as the use of fever-reducing drugs or analgesic drugs, such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, etc., can improve the fever or headache. If a bacterial infection is the cause of suppurative parotitis, it can be treated with antibiotics.