A periosteal reaction usually means that there is destruction or damage to the bone. Histologically, an increase in osteoblasts in the inner layer of the periosteum can be seen, resulting in the formation of new bone trabeculae. Periosteal new bone produced by increased activity of osteoblasts in the inner layer of the periosteum in pathological conditions. The periosteal reaction is not specific and is commonly seen in inflammation, tumors, trauma, and subperiosteal hemorrhage, as well as in normal growth and developmental stages. There are no specific effective preventive measures, but some dietary modifications can be made: 1. maintain ideal body weight; 2. consume a variety of foods; 3. include a variety of vegetables and fruits in the daily diet; 4. consume more high-fiber foods (e.g., whole grain cereals, legumes, vegetables, fruits); 5. reduce total fat intake; 6. limit the intake of alcoholic beverages; 7. limit the intake of pickled, smoked, and nitrite-containing foods. 7. limit the intake of pickled, smoked, and nitrite-containing foods.