The possibility of sudden improvement of advanced rectal cancer is relatively small, but it is possible to control the symptoms and improve the prognosis after active treatment. Rectal cancer is a malignant tumor originated from epithelial cells of rectal mucosa. Early stage of rectal cancer usually has no obvious symptoms until the cancer affects defecation or breaks down and bleeds, which mainly manifests as blood in stool, frequency of bowel movement, mucus stool, anal pain, urgency and constipation, and so on. Patients with advanced rectal cancer usually do not get better suddenly, which is relatively unlikely, but if they are actively treated, they can also alleviate the symptoms, prolong the life of patients and improve the quality of their survival. Its main treatment is surgical resection treatment. If advanced patients cannot undergo curative surgery, they can undergo palliative treatment, which is based on comprehensive treatment such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy, etc. However, palliative surgery is feasible in some cases, such as sigmoid colostomy in patients with defecation difficulties, and palliative resection of tumors in patients whose tumor bleeding cannot be controlled. It is suggested that patients should cooperate with doctors actively with an optimistic mindset to improve the prognosis.