Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative disease of the brain in the elderly, with complex and varied symptoms, and its condition worsens with the prolongation of the disease, which makes the patients suffer a lot and urgently need an effective treatment method. Early Parkinson’s disease is mainly treated with medication, only 1% of the oral medication is absorbed into the brain, 99% of the medication stays in other organs, and its side effects are aggravation of constipation, depression and anxiety, and even cause anisocoria. Currently, surgical treatment of Parkinson’s has become one of the important methods. The methods include radiofrequency destruction of neural nuclei, neural nucleus stimulation (DBS); progressive surgical treatments include stem cell transplantation and so on. Nucleus pulposus radiofrequency destruction has a history of many years, and many people have a superficial understanding of it. However, a small number of people have the misunderstanding that after the destruction of neuronal nucleus pulposus, it cannot be recovered; if the treatment is ineffective, it will cause damage to brain function. In fact, the surgical efficacy of radiofrequency destruction is closely related to the precise localization of nerve nuclei. Stereotactic theoretical positioning error is less than 1 mm, radiofrequency electrodes 2 mm, targeting the smallest neuronal nuclei 10 mm × 10 mm × 4 mm, as long as the positioning is accurate, the radiofrequency electrodes into the neuronal nuclei, you can immediately let the patient to stop the tremor, reduce rigidity, and receive immediate results. Therefore, the precise positioning and target verification of stereotactic is the key to the success of the surgery, radiofrequency destruction of the nucleus pulposus is to make the “tremor and stiff cells” degenerate and die, the brain cell function can not be repaired, so that the postoperative therapeutic effect can be stable and long-lasting. The disadvantage of this procedure is that radiofrequency treatment can only cure one side of the brain at a time, and it requires a one-year interval before surgery can be performed to treat the opposite side of the brain; it also requires precise positioning and a highly experienced surgeon. Nucleus accumbens stimulation (DBS), the surgical process is similar to radiofrequency destruction, both need to apply stereotactic technology, the stimulation electrode will be inserted into the nucleus accumbens, when the nucleus is abnormally excited, the pulse current will inhibit its excitement, so as to control the Parkinson’s symptoms. The technique is not destructive to brain tissue, and the treatment of bilateral symptoms can be accomplished in a single surgery. The disadvantages of the procedure are that the patient’s life is less restricted after the surgery, and it also requires the patient to visit the hospital several times to adjust the parameters and range of the DBS electrical stimulation. Progressive surgical treatments are mainly stem cell transplantation techniques, and several reports on the effectiveness of case-by-case treatments have been accomplished worldwide, and several systematic studies are in progress. The cells used in the studies are neural stem cells, amniotic epithelial stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, etc.; the means of stem cell transplantation are stereotactic, nasal inhalation and intravenous input. A number of studies have confirmed that transplanted stem cells have a good safety profile, and good efficacy needs to be further verified in a large number of cases. In conclusion, for Parkinson’s patients with decreased efficacy of medications, surgical treatment modalities can be considered after a thorough examination by a physician.