Congenital hypothyroidism, referred to as congenital hypothyroidism, is a condition that may be more serious due to inadequate synthesis of thyroid hormones or defects in their receptors. The main clinical features of children with congenital hypothyroidism include intellectual backwardness, growth retardation, and physiologic hypoplasia. Most children with congenital hypothyroidism develop typical symptoms after six months of life. Congenital hypothyroidism should be diagnosed early and treated as soon as possible to avoid damage to brain development. Once the diagnosis is established, thyroid preparations should be taken for life without interruption. The diet should be rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. Patients with congenital hypothyroidism should be diagnosed and treated under the guidance of a medical professional.