Keratinization of the skin means thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin and hyperkeratosis.
The skin is organized into the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, where the epidermis is subdivided into the stratum corneum, granulosa cell layer, echinocyte layer, and basal cell layer. Skin keratin is essential for maintaining the skin barrier structure, which protects the internal tissues from external physical, chemical, microbial, and other related aggressions.
Dermal keratin also serves as a moisturizing barrier for water in the skin, and there is a large amount of lipids between the keratinocytes, mainly including nerve sphingolipids, free fatty acids, and cholesterol. However, if abnormal keratinization of the skin occurs, such as abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum, it is often accompanied by thickening of the granular and echinocyte layers. This pathologic change can be seen in normal skin, such as the skin of the palm and plantar, but also in certain skin diseases, such as chronic dermatitis, lichen planus, callus, etc., but also in viral infections caused by keratosis pilaris, such as common warts and so on. Treatment can be based on the physician’s professional diagnosis and treatment, symptomatic guidance for the use of hormones, antiviral drugs.
At the same time, patients with keratosis pilaris need to pay attention to the usual not to use strong alkaline toiletries, after bathing can be appropriate to apply skin care, moisturizer, diet can be appropriate to eat more fresh vegetables, fruits. It is recommended that patients with keratosis pilaris go to the dermatology department of a regular hospital for a clear diagnosis and standardized treatment under the guidance of a doctor.