After open heart surgery for atrial septal defect, if there is no other abnormality, it will take 1 to 2 weeks to be discharged from the hospital, and if there is complication, it will be discharged only after the condition is stabilized. Open heart surgery is relatively more traumatic and has a longer recovery time. After open heart surgery for atrial septal defect, gas embolism, third degree AV block and other complications may occur. Therefore, postoperative cardiac function changes should be strictly observed, and the patient should be discharged from the hospital after the condition is stabilized and there is no obvious abnormality. It should be noted that if there is obvious cyanosis, accompanied by arrhythmia, decreased activity tolerance, hemoptysis and other symptoms, it should be considered as Eisenmenger’s syndrome, and then open-heart surgery for atrial septal defect should not be performed. In order to promote the recovery after the operation, we should eat a light diet, take enough rest, avoid strenuous exercise, keep warm, prevent infection, and take anticoagulant drugs such as warfarin to prevent thrombosis as prescribed by the doctor.