The infant pedal blood test, also called newborn screening, is designed to screen for two diseases: one, congenital hypothyroidism, and two, phenylketonuria. If early screening is done with reasonable treatment and intervention, the child’s intelligence will not be impaired and the growth and development will not be affected. In addition, in some cities newborn screening also includes G6PD deficiency, and congenital adrenocortical hyperplasia. If these two disorders are screened and treated with early intervention and some preventive measures, the child can avoid serious diseases and adverse consequences.