1, Inflammatory polyps are related to chronic inflammation of the intestine, and the occurrence of adenomatous polyps may be related to viral infection.
2.Age
The incidence of colorectal polyps increases with age.
3.Embryonic abnormalities
Juvenile polyps are mostly misshapen tumors, which may be related to abnormal embryonic development.
4.Living habits
Low food fiber diet is associated with colorectal polyps; smoking is closely related to adenomatous polyps.
5.Heredity
The occurrence of certain polyposis is related to heredity, such as familial non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC); familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), etc.
The clinical manifestations are different according to the site, size and number of polyps growth.
1. Intermittent blood in the stool or blood on the surface of the stool, mostly bright red; secondary inflammatory infection may be accompanied by a large amount of mucus or mucus blood stool; there may be shortness of breath; constipation or increased frequency of stool. Long-tipped polyps can lead to intestinal overturning when they are large; intestinal obstruction can occur if the polyps are huge or multiple; polyps with long-tipped and located near the anus can prolapse out of the anus.
2.A few patients may have abdominal distension, vague pain or abdominal pain.
3.Anaemia may occur if blood is emitted, and shock may occur if the bleeding is large.
Performance.
1.History of blood in stool or mucus and blood in stool.
2.Anal examination or colonoscopy reveals polyps.
3.Barium enema shows filling defect.
4.Pathological diagnosis to exclude cancer.
Treatment
1.Minimally invasive treatment (endoscopic)
Polyps meeting the indications of endoscopic treatment can be resected endoscopically, and the resected specimens will be sent for pathological examination.
2.Surgical treatment
The polyp has malignant tendency or does not meet the indications for endoscopic treatment; or residual lesion or cancer is found by pathology after endoscopic resection.
3.Medication
(1) Symptomatic treatment If there is bleeding, give hemostasis and dispose accordingly according to the amount of bleeding.
(2) Etiological treatment of inflammatory polyps caused by ulcerative colitis see treatment of ulcerative colitis
(3) Prophylaxis for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients can take celecoxib twice daily with food to reduce the number of adenomatous colorectal polyps.