An enlarged spleen can be seen in many conditions, including infectious, bruising, hyperplastic, and other factors. Enlarged spleen can cause anemia, bleeding tendency, infection, pain, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and compression symptoms. 1. Splenomegaly can be seen in many diseases, and ultrasound findings need to be combined with blood routine, coagulation function, endocrine examination, and even bone marrow examination to make a comprehensive judgment. (1) Infectious splenomegaly: such as various acute and chronic infections such as typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, black fever, schistosomiasis, malaria, viral hepatitis, sepsis, late syphilis and so on. (2) Siltation splenomegaly: such as cirrhosis, chronic heart failure resulting in cardiogenic cirrhosis, chronic constrictive pericarditis, portal or splenic vein thrombosis. (3) Proliferative splenomegaly: seen in certain hematological diseases such as leukemia, hemolytic anemia, malignant lymphoma and so on. (4) Others: splenic malignant tumor is rare, splenic cyst, disseminated lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, polyarteritis nodosa, Gosher’s disease and so on. 2. The function of splenomegaly is mainly hematopoietic and immunity, when the spleen is enlarged, anemia and bleeding tendency; granulocytopenia; infection; pain; digestive dysfunction; compression symptoms, etc. Other hazards depend on the etiology. If the patient finds that the spleen is enlarged, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time to avoid delaying the condition.