Red eyes with blurry vision Red eyes is the common name for acute conjunctivitis, but do red eyes really have to be red eyes? Let’s first look at the common causes of red eyes. The most common is an inflammatory disease of the eye, such as acute conjunctivitis, in addition to eye redness and secretions, vision is generally unaffected, or see things slightly blurred, will improve after blinking. If inflammation of the cornea and uvea occurs, eye redness can occur suddenly, accompanied by irritation symptoms such as photophobia and tearing, and vision can be affected. In addition, inflammation of the eyelid skin, blepharitis, mydriasis, or infection of the orbit can cause eye redness. Secondly, acute closed-angle glaucoma attacks can cause eye redness due to impaired atrial circulation and increased intraocular pressure, which can cause blood vessels to become congested. Other conditions such as arteriosclerosis and hematologic patients can have their blood vessels destroyed and subconjunctival hemorrhage can occur, hence the redness of the eye. An eye allergic to drugs or chemicals, or after injury, can lead to blood vessel congestion or rupture and redness. pterygium is a triangular-shaped proliferative tissue that grows on the conjunctiva at the inner canthus, and its tip can grow into the cornea, also manifesting as redness of the eye. Uveitis is an eye disease that occurs in young adults and has a wide variety of causes, and can lead to blindness if not treated properly. Since its pathogenesis and recurrence mechanisms are not fully understood, there is no way to prevent it. If treated promptly and with proper measures, it can be treated without any complications, but if treatment is delayed, it can worsen the condition and cause serious irreversible complications, so when the above mentioned discomfort occurs, you should visit the ophthalmology department to rule out uveitis. Physician’s Comments There are more than 100 different causes of uveitis and a variety of clinical manifestations. Bacteria, fungi, viruses, parasites, tumors, and physical, chemical, and mechanical injuries can cause uveitis; some autoimmune reactions can also cause specific types of uveitis; systemic diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel disease can also be associated with uveitis, and some patients are associated with an immunogenetic background. For example, in ankylosing spondylitis, data from studies in different countries and regions have shown that ankylosing spondylitis is closely associated with the HLA-B27 antigen. In patients with ankylosing spondylitis alone, more than 67.5% were positive for the HLA-B27 antigen. In patients with ankylosing spondylitis associated with uveitis, the rate of HLA-B27 antigen positivity was over 90%. All these results suggest that the development of this disease is related to immunogenetic factors. Uveitis associated with ankylosing spondylitis is primarily an acute nongranulomatous anterior uveitis that presents with sudden onset of ocular redness, ocular pain, photophobia, tearing, and blurred vision. In the presence of reactive optic disc edema and macular cystoid edema, patients tend to experience vision loss and are often prone to recurrent episodes. Therefore, such patients should proactively visit the ophthalmology department when they develop eye redness in order to receive timely treatment, and some patients are diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis after having relevant tests for recurrent anterior uveitis. Another common and more complex condition is leukoaraiosis, which is a systemic, chronic, vasculitic disease. Clinically, it is highlighted by mouth ulcers, genital ulcers, ophthalmia and skin damage, also known as mouth-eye-genital syndrome. The disease often involves the nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, kidneys and epididymis, and the disease alternates between recurrent attacks and remission. The onset of the disease is mostly in young adults between 16 and 40 years old, with a slightly higher incidence in men than in women. In China, females are slightly more affected, but ocular uveitis and visceral involvement are three to four times higher in males than in females.