Lupus erythematosus mostly refers to systemic lupus erythematosus. For patients with refractory or severe systemic lupus erythematosus, plasma exchange may be considered for treatment, and the specific use of which needs to be judged according to the condition. Plasma exchange is a kind of extracorporeal blood purification therapy that draws blood out of the patient’s body and separates plasma from cells, removes disease-causing substances and metabolites in plasma, and then transfuses cells and an equal amount of plasma substitutes back to the patient’s body, and it can play a clear therapeutic effect for patients with refractory or severe SLE that involves important organs. It should be noted that plasma exchange cannot improve the final outcome of patients with refractory or severe SLE, and is currently only used as an adjunctive therapeutic measure. The treatment of SLE is still based on antimalarials such as hydroxychloroquine, glucocorticosteroids such as prednisone, and immunosuppressive drugs such as methotrexate. SLE patients are advised to go to the rheumatology and immunology departments of regular hospitals for detailed consultation and follow the doctor’s instructions.