Do you know what the two round substances in this picture are? This is a histopathologic picture of the liver in a 60-year-old male patient. This patient has a history of alcoholism for 20 years, about 250 ml per day, and last year there was a sharp deterioration in liver function, jaundice TBIL250U/L (normal 17), ALT to about 400 (normal 40), and then examined and diagnosed as acute hepatitis E in our hospital, and discharged from the hospital after a complete cure by our treatment. In recent half a month, once again appeared weakness and other discomforts, check liver function ALT and so on again appeared to be elevated, that this time the cause of liver injury? We know that acute hepatitis E is a transient infection, although chronic hepatitis E has been reported in recent years, but chronic hepatitis E mostly occurs in patients with immunocompromised function such as AIDS, malignant tumors, etc. It is obvious that we can’t use chronic hepatitis E to explain this lesion, then the patient has a clear history of alcoholism, and the amount and time of his alcohol consumption meets our country’s diagnostic criteria for alcoholic liver disease, but the diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease still needs pathologic support, therefore, the Histologic examination of liver puncture. Liver pathology: granulomatous lesions were seen in the confluent area and two ovoid calcified structures were seen. And what are these two unidentified substances? Confirmed by the pathologist, they turned out to be schistosome eggs. The cause was pinpointed and the history was pursued with a past history of schistosomiasis and a diagnosis of schistosomal liver disease was made. Schistosomiasis (schistosomiasis japonica) is a disease caused by Schistosoma japonicum parasitizing the portal vein system. Infection is caused by skin contact with infected water containing caecal larvae, and the main lesions are granulomas in the liver and colon caused by the eggs of the parasite. In the acute stage, there is fever, hepatomegaly and tenderness, diarrhea or pus and blood stools, and a significant increase in eosinophils in the blood. The chronic stage is characterized by hepatosplenomegaly. In the advanced stage, periportal fibrosis is predominant, which may develop into portal hypertension, giant spleen and ascites. Schistosoma hepatica is not new to us, and is even a common disease, but in recent years, acute lesions have been rare, especially in liver pathology can be seen schistosome eggs have been rare.