Polyarteritis aorta, also known as aortitis, is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease primarily involving the superficial layers of the aorta and its first-order branches, and is an autoimmune disease. The etiology is unclear and may be related to autoimmune, genetic and endocrine factors. Patients may have a series of lesions such as inflammation, stenosis, occlusion, dilatation and even aneurysm of the blood vessels, which are manifested by weakness of the limbs, headache, dizziness and panic. This disease is rare in clinic, and is also known as Oriental Beauty Disease because it mostly occurs in women aged 5-45 and 90% of patients develop the disease before the age of 30. Clinically, most patients with polyarteritis are treated with medication. Acute phase drug therapy can effectively avoid damage to organs and tissues, while long-term drug maintenance therapy can avoid recurrence of the disease, which can be treated with prednisone, methotrexate, imidazathioprine and other drugs. However, advanced stenosis or occlusion of blood vessels requires interventional or surgical treatment. Patients with multiple aortitis should go to the hospital in time for examination and treatment under the guidance of the doctor.