What are the common medications used to treat AIDS

There are currently six major classes of at least 25 antiretroviral drugs available for the treatment of AIDS. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens for HIV-infected patients have dramatically reduced complication rates and mortality. For most HIV-infected patients, ART regimens consist of a combination of dual nucleoside drugs + a 3rd drug from another class. 1. Nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors: These drugs selectively inhibit the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme and inhibit HIV replication. Commonly used drugs include emtricitabine, lamivudine, abacavir, tenofovir, and so on. 2. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: they mainly act on a certain site of HIV reverse transcriptase to inactivate it. Commonly used are Nevirapine, Doravirine, Efavirenz, etc. 3. Protease inhibitors: These drugs inhibit proteases, i.e., they block the synthesis of proteins required for HIV replication and maturation. Commonly used drugs are ritonavir and lopinavir. 4. Integrase chain transfer inhibitors: commonly used drugs such as raltegravir, elviravir, dolutegravir and bictegravir, adverse reactions include diarrhea, nausea, headache, fever, etc.. 5. Inhibitors of cell entry: such as maraviroc, enfuvirtide, fotifloxacin and so on. 6. Post-adsorption inhibitors: ibalizumab is a monoclonal antibody, administered by intravenous infusion once every 2 weeks; the drug binds to CD4 molecules and does not block viral adsorption, but blocks viral penetration. Patients are advised to use the drug under medical supervision to avoid adverse reactions.