In clinical practice, patients with back pain and diarrhea can be caused by a number of conditions, such as patients with lumbar disc herniation, due to the herniated nucleus pulposus compressing the dural sac, stimulating the nerve roots, and also stimulating the posterior peritoneum, leading to accelerated gastrointestinal motility, and the patient appears to have a feeling of stool. If the patient has a severe lumbar muscle injury, the lumbar muscle spasm occurs after the injury, which increases the patient’s abdominal pressure and also stimulates the gastrointestinal peristalsis to accelerate, resulting in the patient having the sensation of stool. If a patient suffers a traumatic injury resulting in a vertebral compression fracture of the thoracic or lumbar spine, the patient develops the sensation of stool due to painful stimulation of the digestive system. Therefore, the patient should consult a doctor promptly after the clinical appearance of back pain and diarrhea, and the doctor will take the correct symptomatic treatment according to the specific disease to avoid delaying the condition.