How to treat allergic rhinitis

  Due to the current level of medical development, allergic rhinitis is not yet curable and non-recurring, so this is a problem that both doctors and patients are troubled by. For patients, the serious subjective symptoms affect their lives, studies and work, while for doctors, treating the same patient several times with little effect is also a kind of psychological torture.  The “Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Guidelines (European version)” used by Chinese doctors for many years, as well as the personalized treatment developed with the characteristics of Chinese people, have made a lot of achievements, but it is still confusing in terms of patient education, so that patients are very vague about the treatment methods and why they are treated in this way, and compliance is greatly reduced. In the process of treating a large number of children with allergic rhinitis, I would like to discuss my experience and lessons learned regarding some of the major issues.  In general, the treatment of allergic rhinitis should pay attention to “medication”, “method” and “rhythm”.  1. Medication: First-line medication: The so-called first-line medication is very important in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and is difficult to replace, especially in the early stages of the disease, so as to control the symptoms as soon as possible.  The first-line drugs in the guidelines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis are “nasal spray glucocorticoids” and “antihistamines”. The former are mainly used in children of different age groups, such as endosulfan, colecalciferol, and rhinocort. The latter are Karelactam, Xantamin, etc., which are often referred to as anti-allergic drugs. The latest research has put cisplatin in the first line of drugs because it is believed that “anti-leukotrienes” have an important influence on the development of allergic rhinitis.  Other drugs: The main treatment is symptomatic and causative treatment.  Decongestants (furosemide, etc.): used to reduce edema and open the nasal passages, but not for long-term use.  Chinese herbal medicine: plays an auxiliary therapeutic role, and there is no inquiry medical support for the influence of the mechanism of allergic rhinitis production and development.  Immunotherapy: It is often referred to as desensitization therapy, which is also an allopathic treatment. People often think that this is a cure for allergic rhinitis, but this is actually a misconception, which is why immunotherapy is not included in the first line of medication in the Allergic Rhinitis Treatment Guidelines. Desensitization is simply not a substitute for medication, otherwise the effectiveness is greatly reduced. This is the reason why many allergic asthma patients suddenly stop having attacks at the age of 9-10, and then improve again at the age of 13-14, when about 70% of children with allergic rhinitis can be cured spontaneously. Therefore, the dangers of overmedication should be taken into account by doctors.  Surgical treatments: such as turbinate removal, nerve block, etc. are less commonly used in children. In order not to affect their normal development process.  2. Method: In fact, many children with allergic rhinitis use the same medication, but the efficacy varies greatly, which is mainly a matter of the details of the treatment process. The use of nasal spray hormone should be used in the morning, the impact on the human hormone level is small, that is, the side effects are small, the use of time in children should be no less than 20 days, and then gradually reduce the amount of drug after discontinuation, to avoid the rebound phenomenon after the sudden discontinuation of the drug; and the use of antihistamines is best at night to reduce drowsiness reaction, taking time in about 1 month, and no great side effects; decongestants are generally used for no more than 7 days. Avoid drug rhinitis. Desensitization treatment should not be less than 3 years, the first 50 weeks does not reduce the use of drugs, after 1 year nasal drugs can be reduced by half, the use of drugs in the third year can be reduced to 1/3. The method of nasal spray should pay attention to “drainage”, that is, before the nasal spray must be cleaned nasal secretions, you can use the nasal wash drugs such as BITON, BONUS, YinErTong to clean the nasal cavity. After the nasal cavity is clean, then spray glucocorticoid drugs, otherwise any spray on the secretions of the drug is difficult to play a role; nasal spray should be standing, in the direction of the nasal passage, that is, slightly to the outside, pointing in the direction of the inner corner of the eye spray, fully shake the drug before spraying, the spray should be pressed to the end of the nozzle to ensure adequate dose of the drug. When spraying the nose, the two sides of the nasal cavity should alternate, that is, today first spray the left side, tomorrow first spray the right side, to avoid the treatment process turbinate contraction asynchronous.  3. Rhythm: There is a problem of rhythm in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Paying attention to the rhythm can reduce the amount of medication used and at the same time control the symptoms well. Since allergic rhinitis in children is more common seasonally, that is, the onset of spring and autumn, the following should be done: In March and September each year, before the onset of spring and autumn, whether or not the onset of seizures, you should go to the hospital, before the onset of the season shock volume treatment, the onset of the season maintenance volume treatment is often better than the onset of the treatment again, the use of drugs is also less. Shock volume treatment is usually given to children for about 20 days or more, and then the volume is reduced until the maintenance volume, and the medication is continued for 2-3 months, and the medication is stopped if the situation is good, and it is important not to stop the medication suddenly. Anti-allergy drugs can be discontinued in about a month. When discontinuing the drugs, you can add Chinese medicine for rhinitis, or switch to nasal spray antihistamines to reduce the rebound phenomenon after reducing and stopping the drugs.