Nephritis, i.e. glomerulonephritis, is characterized by proteinuria, hematuria, edema, and hypertension, and the gold standard for diagnosis is generally the pathological results of renal puncture.
Nephritis is divided into acute glomerulonephritis, acute glomerulonephritis and chronic glomerulonephritis.
Acute glomerulonephritis mostly occurs 1~3 weeks after streptococcal infection and is diagnosed by the presence of proteinuria, hematuria, edema, hypertension and other symptoms accompanied by a decrease in serum C₃.
For acute nephritis syndrome with rapid deterioration of renal function, acute progressive glomerulonephritis should be considered.
Chronic glomerulonephritis should be considered when the patient has proteinuria, hematuria, with or without edema on urinalysis, and a history of hypertension for more than 3 months. After secondary glomerulonephritis and hereditary glomerulonephritis are excluded, chronic glomerulonephritis can be diagnosed clinically.
Acute glomerulonephritis, acute progressive glomerulonephritis and chronic glomerulonephritis are mainly diagnosed according to the symptoms and the degree of urgency and slowness, etc. Pathological results are generally the gold standard for confirmation of diagnosis, and renal puncture biopsy should be further improved in order to make a clear diagnosis and guide treatment.
Patients with nephritis should go to the hospital in time to see a doctor, under the guidance of a professional physician to clarify the cause and timely treatment.