The treatment of advanced tumors involves many aspects that need to be handled by an experienced specialist. For example, what is tumor lysis syndrome? What is superior vena cava syndrome? Why are tumor patients prone to blood clots and even sudden death? How to stop pain in dividend treatment of advanced tumor? What are the three basic principles of tumor treatment? What is living with tumor and living together peacefully? When should we try to actively dividend surgery even in advanced stage? What is the situation when there is no value of surgical treatment? I will explain to you in layman’s language and in stages. What is tumor lysis syndrome today: tumor lysis syndrome can occur in any patient with rapid proliferation of tumor cells and massive death of tumor cells after treatment, generally common in acute leukemia, highly malignant lymphoma, less common in patients with solid tumors, such as small cell lung cancer, germ cell malignancy, primary liver cancer, etc. Tumor lysis syndrome has the following features: hypercalcemia and other metabolic abnormalities due to hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia. In a few severe cases, acute renal failure, severe cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, and DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation) may also occur. Clinicians should identify patients at high risk for tumor lysis syndrome, enhance prevention and detection, and start treatment as soon as it is detected. This is especially likely to occur in tumors with extensive metastases, following the use of sensitive chemotherapeutic agents. Many patients with advanced tumors, liver metastases, lung metastases, bone metastases, are in a state of depletion, with a large number of tumor cells proliferating and necrosis in the body. The metabolites produced by this condition will further damage liver and kidney functions and lead to elevated blood potassium. Tonight I should have left work on time, but unfortunately the leader had an emergency surgery, so I volunteered to help the leader to do it. I was just going home after the surgery. I found that the blood potassium of an oncology patient who had just been hospitalized was very high, reaching 5.7 mmol/L. After a quick review, I found that the blood potassium had reached 6.2 mmol/L. The electrocardiogram indicated severe hyperkalemia, bradycardia, and junctional rhythm. The lowest heart rate reached 45 beats per minute. I was given symptomatic treatment to control the potassium, and an urgent consultation with the cardiology department was requested. The chief of the cardiology department helped me until almost 10 o’clock at night. Although the patient’s creatinine was not very high, she was short and her creatinine metabolic rate, after conversion, put her in a state of severe renal failure, which explained why her potassium level was so high. The high blood potassium further affected the conduction and beating of the heart. Of course, this case is still far from the typical tumor lysis syndrome that occurs in chemotherapy-sensitive tumors, which is small. It is just used as a case study. The really typical severe tumor lysis syndrome is almost difficult to handle. In advanced stage of tumor, it needs comprehensive treatment by experienced doctors, so that patients can go through the rest of the time in peace and comfort, without pain and dignity.