Tracheotomy should ensure the smoothness of the tracheal cannula to avoid its blockage; the principle of aseptic operation should be adhered to. Specific nursing measures include airway humidification, intensive sputum expulsion, nutritional support, functional training and so on. 1. Airway humidification: choose the appropriate humidifying solution according to the patient’s condition, apply airflow humidifier to humidify the airway through the artificial nose, and observe and monitor the sputum condition, assess the viscosity of sputum, and adjust the dosage of humidifying solution in this way. 2. Strengthening sputum expectoration: Nursing staff or professional caregivers can assist the patient to change or adjust the position, turn over and pat the back, or suction, etc., to remove the residual secretions in the oral and nasal cavities. 3. Nutritional support: pay attention to the nutritional status of the patient during tracheotomy to avoid one-time overdiet and stimulation of gastrointestinal function. 4. Functional training: when the patient regains consciousness, conditions allow, need to ask the patient to actively cooperate with the exercise, to achieve the purpose of pulling out the tube as soon as possible. Tracheotomy care needs to be careful to prevent infection, asphyxiation and so on.