After a patient suffers from lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar disc herniation, if the patient has obvious symptoms of nerve compression injury, such as muscle weakness in the lower extremities, skin sensory disorders, difficulty walking, abnormal bowel movements, reduced dorsiflexion of the bunions, pathological reflexes, hyperactive or absent knee reflexes and Achilles tendon reflexes during clinical examination, surgical treatment is required. If the patient’s condition is not relieved after conservative treatment and gradually worsens, surgery is also required, or if the condition recurs more than three times after conservative treatment, surgery should be considered, and minimally invasive surgery can be performed through discoscopy or intervertebral foraminoscopy.