Retinal detachment is a relatively common condition, especially in myopic eyes and in the elderly. Retinal detachment usually needs to be treated as soon as possible after it occurs. Most retinal detachments require surgery, unless the retinal detachment is limited to the periphery of the retinal fissure and can be treated with laser therapy. The goal of surgical treatment is to close the retinal fissure and reposition the detached retina. The surgical methods include extra-scleral plication, vitrectomy, and inflatable retinal repositioning. Scleral plication is also called external retinal repositioning, which means that the surgical operation is performed outside the eye; vitrectomy is an important internal retinal repositioning method. The choice of surgical approach for retinal detachment depends on the size and location of the retinal fissure, the morphology of the detachment and the condition of the vitreous humor. Since external surgery causes less harassment to the intraocular tissues, external surgical treatment is preferred for detachments with small, anteriorly located fissures in cases where the fundus is visible. If vitreous clouding is evident, the fundus is unclear or complex retinal detachment requires vitrectomy treatment. For exudative retinal detachment, the main treatment is to treat the primary lesion, such as controlling inflammation. For retinal detachment with pulling, vitrectomy, or combined surgery is required.