An intervertebral foraminoscope is a light-equipped tube that enters the foramen from the side or side and back of the patient’s body and performs the procedure in a safe working triangle. The herniated nucleus pulposus, nerve roots, dural sac and hyperplastic bone tissue can be clearly seen under direct endoscopic vision. Then various types of grasping forceps are used to remove the protruding tissue, microscopic debridement of bone, and radiofrequency electrodes to repair the broken fibrous ring. The surgical trauma is small: the skin incision is only 7mm, like the size of a soybean grain, bleeding is less than 20ml, and only one stitch is needed after the operation. It is the least traumatic and most effective minimally invasive treatment for disc herniation among similar surgeries. The selection criteria for foraminoscopic disc removal are not fundamentally different from those for laminectomy and disc removal. Patients with disc herniation who choose for foraminoscopic surgery must show signs and symptoms of nerve root compression and must meet the following conditions: 1. persistent or recurrent radicular pain; 2. more radicular pain than low back pain. 3. If strictly conservative treatment is ineffective, at least 4-6 weeks of conservative treatment is recommended, but if progressive worsening of neurological symptoms occurs, immediate surgery is required; 4. No history of substance abuse or psychological disorders; 5. Positive straight leg raise test and difficulty in bending; 6. Thorough imaging, especially CT and MRI are important tools to accurately determine the size, location and nature of the nucleus pulposus before surgery. Removal of herniated disc tissue under endoscopic surveillance through a lateral intervertebral foramen approach is less invasive than the usual posterior approach. A typical laminectomy, in order to approach the target point, necessarily causes extensive damage to structures that play an important role in spinal stability, which usually requires immediate spinal fusion. In contrast, the laminectomy technique gradually enlarges the intervertebral foramen with a patented reamer and appropriate medical instrumentation, completely removing any herniated or prolapsed fragments as well as the degenerated inflamed nucleus pulposus. It also allows for continuous irrigation and decontamination of the lesion, repair of the annulus fibrosus using radiofrequency electrodes, ablation of nerve sensitizing tissue, and blockage of the annular nerve branches to relieve the patient’s soft tissue pain. Intervertebral foraminoscopy technology enables the majority of patients with lumbar disc herniation to no longer suffer from open surgery, making the surgery less traumatic, less bleeding, easier anesthesia, faster postoperative recovery and less economic burden.