Urethritis is a relatively common infection of the urinary tract and is divided into two main types: Gonorrhea urethritis and Non-Gonorrhea urethritis. Gonorrhea urethritis is mainly caused by Neisseria Gonorrheae infection and is a familiar STD; non-gonococcal urethritis is mainly caused by Chlamydia or Mycoplasma infection and has gradually replaced gonorrhea urethritis as the most common type of urethritis.
The company’s business needs often require socializing, two days ago after work to accompany customers to the hotel dining, wine after three rounds, food after five, and then accompany customers to a nightclub to continue to spend time, in order to win the hearts of customers, called a few ladies as a companion service, Wang just a short time into society, through the power of alcohol was confused with a young lady to a hotel room, to go to a night The spring night. After a few days, Xiao Wang found a little uncomfortable feeling when urinating, the urethra seems to have something blocked, the urethral opening has a yellow and white pus-like discharge, like sticky snot, and the urethral opening appears red and swollen, urine through the urethra when there is a burning sensation, the urethra has varying degrees of stinging, even the number of urination also increased significantly than usual. This is why Xiao Wang is very anxious and scared, thinking that this is a problem, whether he has contracted an unspeakable disease.
In fact, the typical gonococcal urethritis, also known as gonorrhea, is what Xiao Wang has contracted.
The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who have been in the business for a long time. In China, the disease was described in the Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine in the second and third centuries AD and in the Treatise on the Origin of Diseases in the seventh century AD.
Before the mid-nineteenth century, gonorrhea and syphilis were often thought of as one disease until 1879 A.D., when Albert Neisser, a German physician, finally found the causative agent of gonorrhea when he discovered the presence of the bacterium in the pus of patients’ urethra, vagina, and on the eyes of newborns. He then named the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Neisseria gonorrhoeae). This bacterium is a gram-negative diplococcus. Humans are the only hosts of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, while other animals do not contract gonorrhea.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae prefers a warm and moist environment, and the mucous membranes of any organ that the sexual organs come in contact with during sex may develop from bacterial invasion. In men, it can cause urethritis, pharyngitis and proctitis; in women, it can cause vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis, pharyngitis and proctitis. In addition, gonorrhea can also be transmitted to the eyes through hand contact or to the newborn through the birth canal during childbirth. Also, Neisseria gonorrhoeae can be transmitted to others if the patient’s clothing is not washed, dried or disinfected.
Neonatal gonorrheal conjunctivitis
The incubation period for gonococcal urethritis ranges from a few days to 10 days, with some people having an incubation period of less than a day and others having an incubation period of up to 2-3 months. The vast majority of gonorrheal UTIs are contracted through sexual contact, with about 20% of men and 80% of women being infected. It is important to note that a minority of patients with both gonorrheal and non-gonorrheal urethritis do not have any unusual symptoms after being infected, which can make it easier for patients to miss out on treatment and transmit the infection to others.
During a hospital visit, the doctor will insert a cotton swab into the urethra of a male patient or the cervix of a female patient and wipe it to obtain a purulent sample, which is then applied to a glass slide, stained with Gram stain, and then observed under a microscope. The presence of gonorrhea can be confirmed by observing the leukocytes on the glass slide of the gonorrhea patient, which reveals the presence of typical Neisseria gonorrhoeae within the leukocytes. Of course, it is also possible to grow urethral secretions or cervical secretions in a specific medium and perform bacterial culture of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and drug susceptibility tests under certain conditions.
Obtaining secretions
Once the diagnosis of gonorrhea is confirmed, treatment should be administered immediately. Earlier gonorrhea was treated with intraurethral drug instillations followed by sulfonamides and penicillin injections. Due to the widespread resistance of gonococci to penicillin, oral or injectable cephalosporins and quinolones were mostly used to treat gonorrhea after the 1990s. In recent years, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which causes gonorrhea in Asia, has gradually become resistant to quinolones, and cephalosporins (especially third-generation cephalosporins) have become the main drugs for the treatment of gonorrhea. Since the chance of non-gonococcal urethritis occurring at the same time as gonococcal urethritis can be as high as 10-30%, some scholars advocate treating non-gonococcal urethritis at the same time as gonococcal urethritis.
Preferred drug Rocephin (Ceftriaxone sodium)
If the symptoms of gonococcal urethritis disappear completely after treatment, further follow-up may not be necessary, but if the symptoms do not disappear completely after treatment, another antibiotic must be selected based on the results of bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity tests. In addition, because of the high rate of transmission of gonococcal urethritis, patients should avoid sexual intercourse during the onset of the disease, and their sexual partners should also be examined and treated at the same time.
Prevention and care of gonococcal urethritis
The number of sexual partners and the number of sexual contacts with strangers should be limited as much as possible. Once you have sexual contact with a stranger, men should use condoms. The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a couple of people who have multiple sexual partners or frequent sexual contact with strangers and no protective measures, and you should go to the hospital regularly to check if you are infected with a sexually transmitted disease.
The actual UTI is a very good way to get the most out of your life.
The patient’s sexual partner should be examined and treated regardless of whether he or she has symptoms.
The actual fact that 10-30% of gonococcal urethritis patients will be combined with non-gonococcal urethritis, some scholars suggest simply treating gonococcal urethritis along with other appropriate antibiotics to treat possible non-gonococcal urethritis.
Fifth, patients with gonococcal urethritis should preferably also be screened for HIV and syphilis to make sure that no co-infection with other sexually transmitted diseases has occurred.