Proximal segment entrapment of the superior mesenteric artery is uncommon and is a rare vascular disease. In clinical terms, proximal superior mesenteric artery entrapment is a rare vascular surgical disease, and the main causes are related to the anatomical relationship of the inferior mesenteric artery as well as pathological causes, such as infection and atherosclerosis. For patients with simple proximal superior mesenteric artery entrapment, there may be no obvious symptoms in the early stage, but as time goes by, the entrapment will develop further and tear to the main mesenteric trunk, and may even form a thrombus around the entrapment, so that these patients will have obvious symptoms of severe abdominal pain, which may radiate to the lower back. Although the disease of proximal mesenteric artery entrapment is not common, when the patient found the disease, still need to cooperate with the doctor as soon as possible, not to delay the condition, so as not to cause serious consequences.