Treatment of peripheral vascular disease

Clinically, vascular diseases other than cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are collectively referred to as peripheral vascular diseases. Peripheral vascular diseases include diseases of the arterial, venous and lymphatic systems. Common arterial diseases include: atherosclerotic plaque and thrombus caused by arterial stenosis occlusion, such as atherosclerotic occlusive disease, arterial embolism; arterial inflammation, such as multiple aortitis, thromboembolic vasculitis, nodular arteritis; arterial dilatation lesions, such as aneurysms; peripheral arterial dysfunction, such as Raynaud’s disease (phenomenon), erythema limb pain; external pressure lesions, such as thoracic outlet syndrome, arterial squeeze syndrome; diabetic vascular disease, arteriovenous fistula. Syndrome; diabetic vascular disease, arteriovenous fistula. Venous diseases include: deep vein thrombosis, primary deep vein valvular insufficiency, deep vein thrombosis can cause pulmonary embolism, secondary deep vein thrombosis syndrome; also includes Bugatti’s disease, K-T syndrome. Lymphatic system diseases are mainly inflammatory and reflux-obstructive diseases, such as lymphangitis, dengue, lymphoma. Most of the peripheral vascular diseases are difficult to treat and have a high risk of harm. Such as aneurysm rupture bleeding, pulmonary embolism can lead to sudden death; multiple aortitis, Buga’s disease, arteriovenous fistula, nodular polyarteritis can lead to important organ failure and death; atherosclerotic occlusive disease, arterial embolism, diabetic gangrene, etc. can occur gangrene of limbs, so that in order to save the life of the amputation surgery had to be done to cause disability; venous and lymphatic diseases, in addition to pulmonary embolism and Buga’s disease can be life-threatening, venous and lymphatic reflux diseases, except for pulmonary embolism and Buga’s disease can be life-threatening, the venous and lymphatic reflux disease can be life-threatening. In addition to pulmonary embolism and Buerger’s disease which can be life-threatening, venous and lymphatic reflux disorders and venous valve insufficiency can lead to perennial lower limb swelling, calf hyperpigmentation, itching and ulcers. These diseases leave patients in a state of “semi-disability”, which seriously affects people’s quality of life. The treatment of peripheral vascular disease is broadly divided into three parts, i.e. Chinese and western drug therapy, surgical treatment and interventional therapy. The indications of drug therapy are acute thrombosis or embolism, chronic insufficient blood supply and arterial spasmodic disease, which include thrombolytic, anticoagulant, anti-aggregation, tube dilation, fiber-lowering, and inhibition of platelet adhesion and aggregation and other drugs. Commonly used western drugs include urokinase, heparin, low molecular dextrose, ketocaine, thrombin, prostaglandin E, aspirin, and fenugreek. Traditional Chinese medicines and static Chinese medicine preparations, such as Salvia divinorum injection, Chuanxiongzine injection, hemosiderin injection, etc., have the comprehensive effects of vasodilating blood vessels, improving microcirculation and inhibiting platelet adhesion and aggregation, which are clinically effective, safe and without toxic side effects, and are suitable for long-term use. Surgery is an important part of peripheral vascular disease treatment, including peripheral vascular injury requiring vascular anastomosis and repair, vascular bypass surgery, venous valve repair and amputation surgery, etc. In combination with drug therapy, it can shorten the course of treatment, improve the efficacy, reduce the disability rate and mortality. However, surgical treatment has problems such as narrow indications, surgical complications, and a restenosis rate of up to 30% after surgery. Interventional vascular therapy is a new treatment method that has been developed in the past decade or so, which has led to a great change in the diagnosis and treatment mode of vascular surgical diseases. Compared with traditional surgery, interventional surgery has the advantages of less damage, lower complication rate and mortality rate, and faster recovery. For example, percutaneous transluminal balloon catheter angioplasty (PTA), endoluminal vascular stent implantation, atherosclerotic plaque rotary excision, laser angioplasty, vascular embolization, etc., which is now widely used in the treatment of arterial dilatation, arterial obstructive disease, arteriovenous fistula and some venous diseases.