The brain governs all organs of the body, but if the skull, which protects the brain, is damaged, the brain’s work will be affected and the overall functioning will be limited. In neurosurgery, the incidence of cranial defects is very high, once the cranial defect, the brain tissue lacks the external protective shell, it is easy to be hurt by the outside world, and in serious cases, it can endanger the life, so we have to pay attention to it. For the skull defect problem to do is to go to the hospital for skull repair surgery before it is too late, but the very important point of doing skull repair surgery is the choice of materials. Currently, most hospitals use titanium mesh material, which is a significant improvement compared to some earlier skull repair materials, but there are some inevitable problems. There are some patients in the clinic who have experienced scalp bulging on the skull repair titanium mesh material after the repair surgery, which makes them very worried. What is the cause of scalp bulging on titanium mesh for skull repair? What should I do? This may be caused by some kind of lesion under the scalp or deformation of the titanium mesh, which should be diagnosed and evaluated by a professional physician. Patients should go to a professional hospital for further examination, and if necessary, they may need to remove the titanium mesh material and reschedule the surgery. The new PEEK material is a very mature polymer material that is used for embedded repair, which is ideal for skull repair surgery because it avoids the problems of skin ulceration, material deformation and material exposure caused by titanium mesh material. At present, our team has successfully adopted PEEK material. After continuous clinical practice and summary, we have also introduced the concept of aesthetic plastic surgery, which not only solves the problem of skull defect, but also brings better cosmetic effect.