A positive urine leukocyte esterase test in a routine urine test is indicative of a urinary tract infection, and it is often the high number of leukocytes in the urine that can give a positive urine leukocyte value. Women should be aware that a false positive result can occur if the urine specimen is contaminated with vaginal secretions, which are not accompanied by symptoms of urinary tract infection, but can appear positive for leukocyte esterase. At the same time, increased glucose concentration in the urine can also show a false negative for leukocyte esterase, that is, a positive result for leukocytes and a negative result for leukocyte esterase, but the patient may have symptoms of urinary tract infection, so the negative result is due to the high sugar environment. The diagnosis of urinary tract infection is not based on a positive leukocyte esterase as the only indicator, but also requires a combination of the number of bacteria in the urine, the number of white blood cells and their own symptoms, etc. The most accurate way to confirm the diagnosis is to retain urine for a urine bacterial culture test.