The tympanic membrane is usually viable about two weeks after tympanoplasty. The hallmarks of a viable tympanic membrane are the absence of dirt on the graft surface, the formation of vascular lines, and the intact tympanic membrane perforation being covered. Tympanoplasty is mostly used for simple type chronic otitis media about four weeks after dry ear, and for traumatic tympanic membrane perforation where the perforation has not healed after conservative treatment. The repaired external auditory canal should be filled with iodoform gauze to play the role of anti-inflammation and fixation, and antibiotic treatment, such as cefprozil, needs to be given to avoid catching a cold to prevent otitis media. It is forbidden to enter unclean fluid in the external ear canal to prevent infection, which may lead to non-viability of the eardrum, etc. Therefore, for those who need to perform tympanic membrane repair, infection control needs to be strengthened.