1.What is lumbar disc herniation? What traditional Chinese medicine treatments are available and what are the indications for surgery? How to prevent recurrence? Lumbar disc herniation is one of the more common lumbar disorders in clinical practice, and is a common and frequent disease in orthopaedics and traumatology. The lumbar intervertebral disc exists between the vertebrae of the lumbar spine and is a component of the lumbar spine joint, which plays the role of support, connection and buffer for the lumbar vertebral body, and consists of three parts: the nucleus pulposus, the fibrous ring and the end plate. When the herniated disc compresses the spinal nerve or cauda equina nerve and causes back and leg pain or incontinence, or even paralysis, it is called lumbar disc herniation. Chinese medicine has its own unique efficacy in treating lumbar disc herniation, which can be classified as “lumbago”, “lumbar and leg pain”, “paralysis”, etc. At present, our department has developed a whole set of Chinese medicine treatment for lumbar disc herniation. Our department has developed a set of traditional Chinese medicine methods for treating herniated intervertebral disc, such as acupuncture treatment, Chinese medicine massage, Chinese medicine external washing, oil cloth external application, etc. We have also introduced a variety of physical therapy to reduce inflammatory stimulation and relieve clinical symptoms through in vitro treatment, such as ultrasound, low frequency wave, Tongluo Bao, etc. Indications for surgery: (1) systemic conservative treatment for more than six months; (2) progressive decline in nerve function, such as progressive decline in muscle strength; (3) combined cauda equina injury, such as urinary and fecal incontinence. How to prevent recurrence: (1) fixed lumbar girth for one month; (2) strengthen lumbar back muscle exercise, such as five-point pose, flying swallow pose, three-point pose; physical exercise such as swimming, pulling the bar, etc.; (3) avoid bending and lifting heavy objects to reduce lumbar injury; (4) correct sitting posture – straight back sitting posture; (5) avoid sitting on a low stool and sleeping on a hard bed. Note: Lumbar back muscle exercise: three-point pose: head and feet as the fulcrum; five-point pose: head and limbs as the fulcrum. Swallow pose: both lower limbs straight up, hands and neck straight back, as if a swallow flying.