Stage 1 rectal cancer is known as stage I rectal cancer. Even if the tumor lesion has been removed through surgery, it does not mean that one is completely fine. Rectal cancer is a kind of malignant tumor disease in which the primary tumor lesion is located in the rectum. According to TNM staging, stage I rectal cancer means that the tumor lesion invades the submucosal layer or the intrinsic muscular layer, but there is no regional lymph node metastasis, and at the same time, there is no distant metastasis through imaging examination. Stage I rectal cancer can be dealt with by endoscopic resection, radical rectal cancer surgery and other surgical methods, but it is not that the purpose of curing the disease has been achieved by surgical treatment. Some patients may need to undergo salvage radical rectal cancer surgery after surgery because of the poor differentiation of tumor tissues, positive margins, etc. Those who do not undergo surgery will also need to undergo radiochemotherapy. Even if patients with stage I rectal cancer are cured by surgery, they still need to follow the doctor’s instructions for regular review after discharge from the hospital. After diagnosed with rectal cancer, they should actively cooperate with doctors for treatment and strive for good prognosis.