There are many types of immunodeficiency diseases, which can be categorized into primary and secondary, the former mainly includes chronic granulomas, hypogammaglobulinemia ataxia telangiectasia, congenital thymic dysplasia, etc. The latter mainly includes AIDS, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, etc., which are usually more common in clinical practice. Primary immunodeficiency diseases, also known as congenital immunodeficiency diseases, are mainly related to heredity and are relatively rare in clinical practice. The common ones are chronic sarcoidosis, hypogammaglobulinemia, ataxia telangiectasia, and congenital thymic dysplasia. Secondary immunodeficiency diseases, also called acquired immunodeficiency diseases, are often caused by tumors, infections, concomitant autoimmune-related diseases and other factors, and are more common in clinical practice. The common ones are AIDS, systemic lupus erythematosus, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis and so on. If the patient is found to have immunodeficiency disease, it is recommended to consult a doctor in time and follow the doctor’s instructions for standardized diagnosis and treatment.