Sleep epilepsy is a classification of epileptic disorders, i.e., epileptic manifestations that occur during sleep, such as certain behavioral abnormalities, body convulsions, spasms, and urinary incontinence, etc. The condition is usually not self-healing and requires formal treatment. Epilepsy is a common disease with two peak age groups of onset, adolescents and elderly. Epilepsy is a chronic brain disease with recurrent seizures, and seizures are caused by highly synchronized abnormal discharges of neurons in the brain due to different etiologies, consisting of different signs and symptoms of seizures, transient and also stereotyped clinical phenomena. There are many causes of epilepsy, such as cortical developmental disorders, brain tumors, head trauma, central nervous system infections, cerebrovascular diseases, parasites, etc. There are also some patients with unknown etiology. According to Chinese medicine, this disease is mostly related to phlegm and blood stasis, and since ancient times, there is a saying that “strange diseases are mostly caused by phlegm”. Seizures not only cause necrosis or pathological apoptosis of neurons in the brain and neurobiological changes, but also often cause psychological disorders in patients and their families. Before proceeding with treatment, it is important to first determine whether one is definitely suffering from epilepsy, secondly, to clarify the type of seizure and whether it is an epilepsy syndrome, and finally, to determine the cause of epilepsy and clarify whether it is secondary or idiopathic epilepsy. In conclusion, sleep epilepsy is unlikely to heal on its own and should be treated early. The goal of treatment is to completely control the seizures with as little impact on the patient’s quality of life as possible.