It is well known that the typical symptoms of diabetes are “three more and one less”, but unfortunately, less than half of all diabetic patients have typical symptoms, many patients have symptoms that are not typical and seem to have nothing to do with diabetes, we will call them “siblings” of diabetes. We will call them “siblings” of diabetes, the common clinical ones are as follows.
1. Pre-meal hypoglycemia.
In the early stages of diabetes, some patients do not have the typical “three more and one less” symptoms, but often manifest as unbearable hunger and hypoglycemia before meals. The reason for this is that insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes is delayed and not synchronized with the change of blood glucose.
2. Abnormal sweating.
Abnormal sweat secretion can occur in diabetic phyllo-neuropathy, even if the weather is not hot (especially when eating), often sweating profusely, and mainly on the face and upper body, with less sweating on the lower limbs.
3. Gastrointestinal dysfunction.
Diabetic vegetative neuropathy can often affect the function of the gastrointestinal tract, slowing down the peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract, delayed gastric emptying, patients manifest as abdominal distension, poor nausea or stubborn constipation. In addition, there are a few patients with chronic diarrhea, or alternating diarrhea and constipation, usually without abdominal pain and purulent stools, and the use of antibiotics is ineffective.
4. Difficulty in urination and urinary retention.
Hyperglycemia can damage the vegetative nerves innervating the bladder and affect the contraction and emptying of the bladder, and patients show difficulty in urination, dribbling and urinary incontinence. If you are a diabetic, you should first consider prostate hypertrophy, and also pay attention to exclude the presence of diabetes-induced “neurogenic bladder”.
5, postural hypotension.
As a result of diabetic plant neuropathy, resulting in vasodilation and contraction dysfunction, when sitting or lying for a long time and then suddenly get up, because the blood vessels can not reflexively contract, resulting in a drop in blood pressure and cause transient cerebral ischemia, the patient appears dizzy, dazzled or even fainting.
6, sexual dysfunction.
Long-term hyperglycemia can lead to neurological and vascular lesions, thus causing male sexual dysfunction. Therefore, middle-aged men with normal sexual function in the past, when impotence or erectile insecurity occurs, they should have their blood sugar tested in time to exclude diabetes. According to the survey, about 50% of male diabetic patients combined with impotence.
7. Recurrent urinary tract infections.
Women have a shorter urethra and are inherently more prone to urinary tract infections than men. When diabetic patients have poor blood sugar control, the urine sugar content is high, and the urethra becomes the best breeding ground for various germs (bacteria, mold, etc.), and if combined with “neurogenic bladder”, resulting in urinary retention, the chance of urinary tract infection will be further increased.
8. Itchy skin or boils.
Some people feel itchy skin all the time for no reason, and have recurrent boils on their skin, which may be a sign of diabetes. This is because high blood sugar can stimulate the skin nerve endings and cause itchy skin, especially itchy perineum is especially common in women. At the same time, due to the decrease of local resistance, the skin is easily infected with boils.
9. Loss of vision.
Diabetes can cause retinopathy and cataract, thus affecting vision, and the incidence increases with the course of the disease and age. Among them, diabetic retinopathy has the most serious impact on vision, often due to retinal hemorrhage, resulting in sudden vision loss.
10. Numbness in the hands and feet.
Diabetes can cause peripheral neuritis, which manifests as symmetrical numbness, pain, burning, and decreased or absent sensation in the hands and feet, and some patients may develop the sensation of walking like stepping on cotton.
11. Drowsiness and coma.
Some elderly people with diabetes are unaware of it. Under the effect of certain triggers (such as severe dehydration, infection, etc.), it can cause hyperosmolar coma or ketoacidosis coma.
12. Wounds do not heal for a long time.
As diabetic patients often have peripheral vascular disease, affecting the blood supply of the tissue around the wound, coupled with the serious loss of nutrition in diabetic patients, resulting in wound healing difficulties.
13, unexplained weight loss.
Diabetic patients due to insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance leads to impaired sugar utilization, so that the energy required by the body can only be provided by the breakdown of body fat and protein, which leads to weight loss of patients.
Reminder: Anyone with one of the above symptoms, even if there is no typical “three more and one less” symptoms, you should also go to the hospital as soon as possible, blood glucose and urine glucose testing, so as not to be missed diabetes diagnosis.