In the morning of the surgery, when he was pushed through the ward hallway on the surgical transport bed, there were female patients calling out from time to time, “Yo! The first impression of breast cancer is that this kind of disease is the exclusive preserve of women, and some people even think that breast disease should be seen in gynecology, and many people think that men don’t have mammary glands, so they won’t get breast cancer. Many people even think that men do not have breast gland, so they will not get breast cancer. Is this really true? Before puberty, the mammary glands of both sexes are the same, consisting of many small ducts embedded in collagenous interstitium. The ducts develop as early as embryonic life from the ectodermal mammary crest. During puberty, the breast tissue located deep in the areola begins to develop in the female breast under the action of estrogen, whereas the male breast, due to the lack of estrogen stimulation, shows the development of ductal structures and does not form lobular structures. Therefore, the male breast, simply because it does not develop, is at risk for breast cancer. The latest national cancer statistics this year show that malignant tumor disease is a serious threat to the health of the population, and breast cancer is the first disease among women, with an annual incidence of 304,000, accounting for 7% to 10% of all malignant tumors in China. The incidence of male breast cancer accounts for 0.2%-1.5% of all malignant tumors in men and 1% of all breast cancer patients, and the trend is increasing year by year. The main symptoms of male breast cancer are breast lumps (most patients have lumps deep in the areola), abnormal nipple discharge, orange peel-like changes in the chest skin, localized skin depression, convexity, nipple depression, distortion, erosion, ulceration, oozing, and axillary lumps or clavicle lumps. and axillary lumps or supraclavicular lumps, etc. Patients initially present with a small, painless mass with poorly defined borders on the nipple and under the nipple. About half of the patients may experience skin redness, itching, nipple retraction, and nipple eczema. As the lesion progresses, the lump adheres to the skin and becomes fixed, and “satellite” nodules appear. High risk factors for male breast cancer: 1. Radiation exposure, previous radiotherapy to the chest; 2. High estrogen level: obesity, long-term use of antihypertensive drugs, stomach acid inhibiting drugs, prostate cancer treatment drugs, etc. can cause excessive estrogen secretion; Creutzfeldt-Jakob syndrome, liver cirrhosis can also lead to high estrogen level. 3, genetic: 15%-20% of men with breast cancer have a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, and a first-degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer increases the risk of breast cancer in men by 2-3 times; the risk of breast cancer in men who are carriers of BRCA1 gene mutation is 1%-5%, while the risk of BRCA2 gene mutation carriers is higher at 4%-40%. 4, Obesity, high temperature, pollution, alcohol, fine seminal duct hypoplasia, orchitis or epididymitis and gynecomastia increase the risk of male breast cancer. 5. Environment: The risk of breast cancer increases 8 times for men working in cosmetic manufacturing and automobile manufacturing; the risk of breast cancer increases 2.5 times for men working in an environment with cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens such as gasoline and exhaust fumes for more than 3 months. Because of the anatomical characteristics of men with fewer breast glands, thinner subcutaneous fat layer and shorter lymphatic vessels, 54% to 80% of patients have lymph node metastasis at an early stage. In particular, the areola area is closer to the lymph nodes in the internal breast area, which can easily involve the lymph nodes in the internal breast area. This is one of the reasons why the prognosis of male breast cancer is worse than that of female breast cancer. Male breast cancer patients develop 5-10 years later than female breast cancer patients, and the peak age of onset is 50-65 years old. Because of the anatomical characteristics of male breast and the fact that the early stage of breast cancer is painless, men are less aware of their own risk of breast cancer (much lower than women), so the number of men who perform routine breast self-examination is low, and they often ignore or do not want to mention their breast problems to their doctors, so they are late in seeking treatment. According to the data, the duration of prediagnosis in men is 31.2 months, which is more than 1 year longer than that of female breast cancer. 3. High ER positive rate Male breast cancer ER (estrogen receptor) positive rate is 64% to 76%, which responds well to endocrine therapy.