Diabetic retinopathy is a common blinding eye disease in ophthalmology and is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Many patients with diabetic retinopathy are not seen early for a variety of reasons, which ultimately leads to vision loss. Early intervention can greatly reduce the likelihood of vision loss and is critical to the visual prognosis of diabetic patients. Due to the improvement of socioeconomic conditions and the significant increase of human life expectancy, the number of diabetic patients in China is increasing day by day. In 1997, the prevalence of diabetic patients in China was 2.51% and the prevalence of diabetes was three times higher than in 1980, and the total number of diabetic patients increases by at least one million every year. Diabetic retinopathy occurs in 26% of patients with a disease duration of 10-14 years, and about 63% of patients with a disease duration of 15 years or more. According to statistics, the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients in China is 44%-51.3%. In general, the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy is related to poor glycemic control and long duration of the disease, but not much related to gender and age, and the combination of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, renal insufficiency and pregnancy can aggravate retinopathy. Fundus lesions gradually worsen with the prolongation of the disease course. In the early stage of diabetic retinopathy, there may not be any conscious symptoms, but only discovered during fundus examination; when edema and hemorrhage appear in the fundus, patients may have symptoms such as flying mosquitoes in front of the eyes, blurred vision, and mild decrease in vision; when the lesion invades the macula, the most sensitive part of human vision, vision is severely damaged; especially vitreous hemorrhage, vision decreases significantly within a short period of time, and serious condition may lead to blindness. If timely and effective treatment is not taken, retinal detachment and glaucoma may occur secondary to the disease, eventually causing complete loss of vision. Early detection and treatment is the key to treating diabetic retinopathy. Nowadays, many diabetic patients are aware of the importance of blood sugar control, but they often ignore eye changes and rarely go to eye examinations. When changes in vision are noticed and then go to the eye exam, the fundus is often already diseased and the best time for treatment is missed. Therefore, even if your vision is 1.0, you should go to a regular hospital for a follow-up examination by a specialist in fundus disease. The follow-up eye examinations should include visual acuity, refractive status, vitreous and retinal conditions, as well as special examinations such as fluorescence angiography and electrophysiology, which can also help in the diagnosis of the disease and enable early detection and treatment. type 1 diabetic patients should have their first eye examination within 5 years after diagnosis and subsequent follow-up examinations every 6 months; type 2 diabetic patients should have their first eye examination at the time of diagnosis and subsequent examinations from the fundus according to the condition of the eye. For patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, the first eye examination should be performed before pregnancy or within 3 months of early pregnancy; for patients with mild or moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, the main treatment should be microvascular protective agent medication, while follow-up examinations should be performed once every 3-6 months; for patients with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, the first eye examination should be actively For patients with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, total retinal photocoagulation therapy should be taken, and follow-up examinations should be conducted once every 3 months; for patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, total retinal photocoagulation or vitreous surgery should be taken to save part of their vision. In order to have a pair of bright eyes, our diabetic friends should get out of the misconception that “my eyes are fine, I don’t need to do examinations” and have their fundus examined every six months or at least once a year to achieve early detection, early control and early treatment. Good blood sugar control is the basis for preventing and delaying the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy. “We should start from now to control blood sugar and protect our eyes.