As summer approaches, the temperature gradually climbs to the “peak”. In the heat of summer, people’s gastrointestinal function is stimulated by the heat, digestive function is reduced, head heavy and tired, chest and epigastric depression, loss of appetite and other discomfort, and even cause heat stroke, harming health. This is because people sweat more in summer, the body of water, salt (sodium ions, potassium ions) and water-soluble vitamins (mainly vitamin B1 and vitamin C) with sweat loss, causing water and salt metabolism imbalance. The loss of chloride ions, which are necessary for the formation of gastric acid, leads to a decrease in the acidity of gastric juice. In addition, in order to dissipate heat, blood is concentrated on the surface of the body and the blood supply to the gastrointestinal tract is reduced. Heat storage and excessive sweating in the body also reduce the activity of various digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract. All of these reasons can cause reduced digestive function. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal work of the gastrointestinal, we must take appropriate and effective scientific measures in the diet to nourish the body, enhance the body’s resistance to effectively resist the onslaught of heat, to avoid heat stroke. (A) balanced diet Chinese traditional health care focus on the balance of this. A balanced diet means a diet with adequate amounts and proportions of various nutrients, including proteins, fats, sugars, inorganic salts and vitamins, and a complete range. Nutrition-oriented, balanced diet is the most reasonable diet for human beings. It can provide sufficient calories for the human organism, meet various needs of the human body and prevent many diseases at the same time. In order to facilitate the planning of daily balanced diet, at present, according to our own national conditions, China divides food into five major categories, i.e. five major food categories that a balanced diet should include: 1. cereals (grain and cereal) and grain and cereal products; 2. beans and bean products; 3. meat, fish, eggs and milk; 4. vegetables and fruits; 5. fatty foods. Usually, the caloric ratio of carbohydrates accounted for 60% to 70%, fat accounted for 20% to 25%, protein accounted for 10% to 15%, to meet these conditions of the diet should include the above five categories of food. More reasonable meal number distribution is: breakfast caloric energy accounted for about 30% of the total thermal energy throughout the day, lunch accounted for 40%, dinner accounted for 30%. Give up breakfast is not desirable, dinner over-eating is more harmful, not only easy to lead to obesity, may also induce angina and myocardial infarction, the middle-aged and elderly is a big taboo. In addition, a balanced diet should also have good eating habits, including chewing slowly, adequate sleep, work and rest, emotional well-being, concentration on eating and good hygiene habits. A balanced diet is mainly for healthy people under normal conditions. In special cases, it should be adjusted according to the different needs of the organism, the different metabolic status, and the different water-electrolyte status. However, the key to the overall goal of a nutrition-oriented balanced diet remains the same. (2) Special diet in summer Because the digestive function is slower than usual, the diet should be easy to digest and light, avoiding overeating and high-fat diet. The following are some dietary recommendations: Salt water: In summer, the body sweats a lot, the loss of salt is relatively large, and Chinese medicine said “boiled water is the king of all medicines”, so any sugary drinks are not as valuable as salt water, because isotonic salt water into the body can be quickly absorbed by the stomach, into the blood circulation to play the function of metabolism. At the same time to regulate body temperature, clean the human body environment. The temperature of salt water should be 20 ℃ to 25 ℃, so that it is easy to enter the cell through the cell membrane, more easily absorbed and used. Health “bitter” in: bitter food contains alkaloids with heat, promote blood circulation, diastolic blood vessels and other pharmacological effects. Eating bitter foods on a hot day can not only clear the mind and refresh the brain, but also improve appetite, spleen and stomach. Bitter foods include: bitter melon, bitter bamboo shoots, bitter vegetables, tea, coffee and so on. Among them, bitter melon and tea are common foods to reduce summer heat. Bitter melon is bitter, cold, and can clear heat and fire. Bitter melon has the function of stimulating the body’s saliva and gastric juice secretion, increasing appetite, aiding digestion, clearing heat and preventing summer heat, and clearing the heart and eyes. It can be cold and can be fried meat, roast fish, clear and tender, refreshing, unique flavor. Tea contains a variety of amino acids, with antipyretic, heat, detoxification effect, in addition, tea contains more potassium, accounting for about 1.5% of its proportion. Hot days more tea, not only can hydrate the summer heat, but also potassium, can be said to kill two birds with one stone. However, it should be noted that the consumption of bitter food should not be excessive, otherwise it may cause nausea, vomiting and other symptoms. Pay attention to replenishing potassium ions and vitamins: In summer, more potassium ions are lost with sweat, resulting in low blood potassium, which can cause symptoms such as tiredness and weakness, dizziness and headache, and loss of appetite. The most effective way to prevent potassium deficiency in hot weather is to eat more potassium-containing food. In addition to tea, fresh vegetables and fruits contain more potassium, so you can eat more bananas, watermelon, fresh orange juice, strawberries, apricots, lychees, peaches, plums, etc. Vegetables such as spinach, yam, beans, amaranth, scallions and celery are also rich in potassium. It is best to supplement vitamin B1 and vitamin B2 with 2 mg each and 1 gram of calcium per person per day during the high temperature season, which can reduce the consumption of sugars and tissue proteins in the body and is beneficial to human health. Protein supplementation: In the high temperature environment, the body’s protein metabolism accelerates and consumption increases, so the supply of protein must be increased, the daily intake of 100-120 grams is appropriate, and requires more than half for fish, lean meat, chicken, eggs, milk and soy products and other high-quality protein to meet the needs of the body’s metabolism in the summer. Avoid too many cold drinks: summer, the right amount of cold drinks can play a certain role in cooling the summer heat. But too many cold drinks will make the gastrointestinal temperature drop, causing irregular contraction, can induce abdominal pain, diarrhea and other diseases. The variety of beverages will affect the appetite, and can seriously damage the spleen and stomach or lead to gastrointestinal disorders. Pay attention to dietary hygiene: this is a “cliché”, but “vital” issue. Summer food is prone to spoilage, so it’s best to make and eat your meals now. Refrigerator is not a safe, the food in the refrigerator should not be taken out and eaten directly, it is best to boil and then eat. In addition, raw fruits and vegetables should be cleaned and disinfected. When making cold dishes, some garlic paste and vinegar should be added, which can be seasoned and sterilized, as well as the role of appetite enhancement. Of course, after taking a reasonable diet, if there is loss of appetite p wasting p black stool or fecal occult blood, etc., you need to go to the hospital to exclude organic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.