Today I share with you is to recognize the content of the Helicobacter pylori, usually in the clinic often have patients with physical examination reports to ask some questions related to Helicobacter pylori, today one by one answer. 1, what is positive for H. pylori? Positive is the presence of this bacteria in the stomach, indicating infection with H. pylori. 2, how can I get infected with H. pylori? It can be said that it is all eaten in, the so-called disease from the mouth. Related to the state of hygiene, for example, Tibet infection rate of 80-90%, Shanghai infection rate of 30-40%, Guangzhou more than 20%, our statistical results are about 40%, representing part of the infection rate in Shanxi. In general, it is the early childhood before 12 years old, especially before 5 years old, from close contacts, such as elders through fecal-mouth, mouth-to-mouth transmission, such as feeding, mouth-to-mouth feeding after chewing yourself, or not washing hands after defecation, through dirty hands contaminated food was eaten, the mother to children most often, if grandmother, grandmother with children will also be transmitted to children. H. pylori infection has a family aggregation phenomenon. Therefore, it is important to practice hygiene, wash hands before and after meals, and promote the use of public chopsticks to cut off the infection pathway and reduce the infection rate. As people’s awareness increases and young people now adopt good hygiene habits, it is believed that the infection rate of the new generation of children will drop significantly. 3.Can I get infected with H. pylori by gathering with others? Generally speaking, healthy adults with a well-developed immune system and resistance will clear more than 90% of their exposure to H. pylori spontaneously and will basically not become chronically infected; a very small number of people with low immunity will have long-term chronic infection after exposure to H. pylori. Often a family comes to the hospital for testing, and almost half of the family couples one positive and one negative, enough to show that their own resistance is strong and will not be infected. If both spouses are positive, they are basically infected as children in their family of origin, not after marriage. Understanding this reasoning, it can be understood that as long as their own health, the general gathering will not cause adult infection. 4.What are the dangers of H. pylori infection? Children are exposed to this bacteria from childhood, their own immune system is not yet sound, there is a period of immune tolerance, will not clear the bacteria, in the process of growth and development, as the immune system strengthens, the production of antibodies, there is a spontaneous clearance rate of about 10%, but 90% are not cleared, forming a chronic infection. About 70% of them are chronic active inflammation but asymptomatic, 10% present as dyspepsia, 15-20% as peptic ulcers, and 1% cause gastric cancer or gastric mucosal lymphoma. From this, it can be assumed that the same H. pylori is different in its species and virulence, and causes different outcomes in different humans. It is not yet possible to determine how each differs, and doctors generally trace which of the above diseases is present in the immediate family as a predictor, such as a family history of gastric cancer, a high risk of gastric cancer, and the need to eradicate the bacteria in order to prevent it. 5. Does the discovery of H. pylori require treatment? The fifth national consensus report on the management of H. pylori infection, published in 2017, proposes 12 indications for H. pylori eradication. In fact, the best time is after 18-20 years of age, and eradication is carried out for those who test positive, and the re-infection rate is 1-5% lower after eradication, and the inflammation caused by bacterial infection is not heavy at this time, and precancerous lesions such as atrophic gastritis and intestinal epithelial hyperplasia have not formed, which significantly reduces the incidence of gastric cancer after eradication. Of course, eradication at any age can prevent cancer, and at the same time, gastroscopy should be done to observe whether there are early lesions and deal with them in advance. 6.What methods are commonly used to detect H. pylori? The most common and ideal method is 13/14C breath test, 2 hours fasting, first exhale and leave the bottom, then oral urea capsule after 13/14C isotope labeling, if there is H. pylori in the stomach, it will break down the urea and produce carbon dioxide, wait 20 minutes, then exhale once, test the change of carbon dioxide in the two breaths to determine whether H. pylori is positive or negative. Retest the breath test 1 month after eradication. 7.How to eradicate H. pylori? Eradication of H. pylori should be seen in the gastroenterology department of a regular hospital. There are seven treatment options available, including a bismuth 4-part regimen, a proton pump inhibitor, which is a razole-type drug, a bismuth agent, and two antibiotics (six were chosen) for 10-14 days. Because patients have different sensitivity, tolerance and resistance to drugs, there are many precautions and restrictions on the selection of drugs, which must be standardized and correctly selected, striving for a first eradication rate of 95% or more.