Monkeypox is a viral disease with symptoms similar to those of smallpox, but generally milder.In 1970, the Congo reported the first case of monkeypox virus infection in humans, and in May 2022, the United Kingdom and the United States have found confirmed and suspected cases of monkeypox. Monkeypox and smallpox belong to the genus Poxvirus, so monkeypox is also known as “monkey smallpox”, and it is known that monkeys, rodents, rabbits, and humans can be infected with the disease. The disease was first discovered in 1958 in green monkeys in the Copenhagen laboratory in Denmark, which can cause disease in experimental primates, and thus was named monkeypox. After infection with monkeypox, the incubation period is usually 6 to 16 days, after which symptoms similar to the “flu” begin to appear, such as headache, fever, and so on, followed by a skin rash, usually starting from the face, and then spread to other parts of the body, and gradually develop into pustules, and then dry and crust, and after healing, scarring can be left. It is currently believed that humans are infected with monkeypox mainly through bites from infected animals or direct contact with blood, body fluids, or skin lesions of infected animals; it is usually passed from animal to human, and human-to-human transmission of monkeypox can also occur. Some studies have shown that smallpox vaccination (cowpox) is effective in preventing monkeypox infection, but there is no specific treatment for monkeypox at this time. Avoid contact with wild animals as much as possible and seek medical attention if you have similar symptoms.