Tongue muscle atrophy is partly caused by damage to the lingual nerve, including paralysis of the hypoglossal nerve, damage to the linguopharyngeal nerve or paralysis of the linguopharyngeal nerve alone, the following three conditions are common and confusing damage to the lingual nerve, each will affect the tongue muscle. 1.Sublingual nerve palsy When the sublingual nerve is paralyzed on one side, the tongue is extended to the diseased side, and the tongue muscle on the affected side is atrophied and often accompanied by muscle fiber tremors; swallowing and pronunciation are generally not difficult. In the case of bilateral hypoglossal nerve palsy, complete lingual muscle paralysis is produced, and the tongue cannot move at the bottom of the mouth, resulting in difficulties in eating and swallowing, and dysphonia, especially when pronouncing tongue sounds. 2, combined damage of linguopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, paraglossal nerve and hypoglossal nerve Combined damage of unilateral posterior group of cerebral nerves, when these nerves are far away from the cranial cavity, their directions are more dispersed if they cause combined damage extracranial lesions are more widespread. The combined damage to the posterior group of cerebral nerves caused by extracranial tumors is generally seen in malignant tumors, which may have enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, a mass behind the pharynx, and sympathetic nerve damage. 3. Separate paralysis of the linguopharyngeal nerve, vagus nerve, parasympathetic nerve and hypoglossal nerve The posterior group of cerebral nerves is far away from the cranial cavity after their direction are more dispersed, so that at this time, if there is a lesion often affects only a single cerebral nerve.