Is necrotic bowel disease in newborns, also known as neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, treated conservatively or surgically? It depends on the state of the child’s disease and its progression. The first treatment for neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is water fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, correction of acid-base balance disorders, and anti-inflammatory symptomatic treatment, and if the treatment is effective, we can continue to take conservative treatment. However, if a pediatric intestinal perforation occurs during the treatment process, or if a newborn is found to have an intestinal malformation, surgical treatment must be performed in both cases.